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Smoking May Increase the Risk of Periapical Periodontitis
Affiliation:3. Department of Pharmacology;4. Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, and;5. 2nd Medical Clinic, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany and;6. Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709;1. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department for Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;2. Department of Social Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;3. School of Pharmacy, Keele University, Newcastle under Lyme, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
Abstract:
Keywords:Apical lesion  Meta-analysis  Periapical periodontitis  Prevalence  Smoking  Systematic review
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