Effects of bariatric surgery on DNA methylation in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
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| Institution: | 1. Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom;2. Surgery Department, Northumbria NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom;1. Department of Obesity and Metabolic Surgery, Ospedale Evangelico Betania, Naples, Italy;2. Department of Obesity and Metabolic Surgery, Sana Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach am Main, Germany;3. Adipositaszentrum, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany;1. WakeMed Bariatric Specialists of NC, Cary, North Carolina;2. Bariatric Medicine Institute, South Salt Lake City, Utah;1. Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;2. Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Disciplina de Cirurgia do Aparelho Digestivo, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;3. Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP e Departamento de Psicologia Experimental do Instituto de Psicologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;4. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;1. Department of Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan;2. Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundDNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism through which environmental factors, including obesity, influence health. Obesity is a major modifiable risk factor for many common diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Obesity-induced metabolic stress and inflammation are key mechanisms that affect disease risk and that may result from changes in methylation of metabolic and inflammatory genes.ObjectivesThis review aims to report the effects of weight loss induced by bariatric surgery (BS) on DNA methylation in adults with obesity focusing on changes in metabolic and inflammatory genes.MethodsA systematic review was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus, to identify studies in adult humans that reported DNA methylation after BS.ResultsOf 15,996 screened titles, 15 intervention studies were identified, all of which reported significantly lower body mass index postsurgery. DNA methylation was assessed in 5 different tissues (blood = 7 studies, adipose tissues = 4, skeletal muscle = 2, liver, and spermatozoa). Twelve studies reported significant changes in DNA methylation after BS. Meta-analysis showed that BS increased methylation of PDK4 loci in skeletal muscle and blood in 2 studies, while the effects of BS on IL6 methylation levels in blood were inconsistent. BS had no overall effect on LINE1 or PPARGC1 methylation.ConclusionThe current evidence supports the reversibility of DNA methylation at specific loci in response to BS-induced weight loss. These changes are consistent with improved metabolic and inflammatory profiles of patients after BS. However, the evidence regarding the effects of BS on DNA methylation in humans is limited and inconsistent, which makes it difficult to combine and compare data across studies. |
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| Keywords: | Bariatric surgery DNA methylation Obesity Inflammation |
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