Pharmacy practice in the domain of assisted dying: A mapping review of the literature |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Australia;2. Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Canada;3. Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Australia;4. Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith Institute for the Development of Education and Scholarship (Health IDEAS), School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Australia;1. TennCare Pharmacy Division, Nashville, TN, USA;2. University of Tennessee College of Pharmacy, Memphis, TN, USA;3. University of Florida College of Public Health & Health Professions, Gainesville, FL, USA;1. The University of British Columbia, Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, School of Population and Public Health, 2206, E Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada;2. The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Menzies Centre for Health Policy. Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia, 2006;3. The George Institute for Global Health. Level 5, 1 King Street Newtown NSW Australia;1. Center for Pharmacy Innovation and Outcomes, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA;2. Familial Hypercholesterolemia Foundation, Pasadena, CA, USA;3. St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO, USA;4. Mercy Clinic—East Communities, St. Louis, MO, USA;5. Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA;6. Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA;7. Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA;8. Department of Surgery (Division of Public Health Sciences), Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine; Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA;1. Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, 23a Mein St, Wellington, New Zealand;2. Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand;3. School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand;4. School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand;5. CBG Health Research Ltd, PO Box 45173, Te Atatu Peninsula, Auckland, 0651, New Zealand |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe scope and roles of pharmacists worldwide are undergoing dramatic change. Patient-focused care aimed at caring for people that seek medical assistance in dying is among the newest roles. While pharmacists have been involved in medically assisted dying in some international jurisdictions for over two decades, little is known about their actual lived experiences.ObjectiveTo map the literature concerning pharmacy practice in the assisted dying domain to clarify apparent research gaps.MethodsA mapping review was preformed following a systematic search of Medline, CINAHL and IPA to locate academic papers and reports relating to pharmacists’ involvement in assisted dying published between 1990 and 2019. Searches included articles in English, French, and Dutch. References and citations of articles were searched to identify additional articles.ResultsA total of 43 articles were selected, including commentaries (n = 26), reports (n = 2), a scoping literature review (n = 1), and empirical studies (n = 14). Most commentaries centered on pharmacists' roles, ethico-legal and moral challenges, and educational concerns in relation to participation. Of the 14 empirical studies, 12 studies were designed around surveys that focused on pharmacists' attitudes, and opinions concerning assisted dying. Other methodologies included thematic analysis of moral dilemmas, experimental design identifying attitudes to sedation at end of life, and analysis of documents such as guidelines, position statements, and standards of practice. Two studies utilized a qualitative research approach. A significant gap was found with respect to research exploring the actual experience of pharmacists’ practice in medically assisted dying.ConclusionThere is an absence of studies exploring pharmacists’ actual experiences in assisted dying practice. Research involving pharmacists that participate in legally sanctioned assisted dying will facilitate a meaningful understanding of the lived experience of pharmacy practice in this domain. |
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| Keywords: | Pharmacy Medical assistance in dying Assisted dying Aid in dying Suicide Assisted Euthanasia Mapping review |
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