Insecure adult attachment style is associated with elevated psychological symptoms in early adjustment to severe burn: A cross-sectional study |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia;2. College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Sydney Campus, Australia;3. National Burns Center, Sheba Medical Center, Israel;4. Severe Burns Injury Unit (SBIU), Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia;5. Social Work, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia;6. Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Australia;7. Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia;8. School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Australia;9. Graduate School of Counselling, Excelsia College, Sydney, Australia;10. Westmead Psychotherapy Program for Complex Traumatic Disorders, Western Sydney Local Health District, Parramatta, Australia;1. Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Occupational Therapy Department, Bowen Bridge Rd & Butterfield St, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia;2. The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia;1. Postgraduate Program in Nursing, University of Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Post-graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil;4. University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Head of the Division of Plastic Surgery and the Burn Unit at Hospital das Clínicas, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil;1. CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan;2. Foundation University Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan;3. Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan;4. Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA;1. Severe Burns Injury Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia;2. The University of Adelaide, School of Nursing, SA, Australia;3. School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia;4. Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia;5. Department of Adult Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mútah University, Mútah, Jordan;6. Westmead Psychotherapy Program, Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney and WSLHD, Australia;7. Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia;8. Severe Burns Services NSW, Australia;9. Northern Local Health District, Australia;10. Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia;11. Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery & Burns, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia;1. School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Sydney, NSW, Australia;2. The National Burns Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel;3. Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | Research into recovery and adjustment after burn injury has indicated a link between psychopathological symptoms including traumatic stress, distress, depression and anxiety, and worse psychosocial and physical outcomes. The severity of psychological symptoms does not always correlate with that of the burn injury, and symptoms can be ongoing in certain patients for extensive periods, leading to a need for early screening in burns patients for psychological vulnerabilities. One potential factor influencing recovery from the psychological impact of burn injury is adult attachment style, specifically secure and insecure attachment, as this describes how an individual organizes their stress regulation. This cross-sectional study measured: (a) attachment style (via the Relationship Questionnaire [RQ]): (b) negative psychological symptoms (via the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale [DASS]); and, (c) post-traumatic symptoms (via the Davidson Trauma Scale [DTS]) in a cohort of burns patients (n = 104, 51 analysed) in a severe burns unit in Australia during the acute phase of their recovery. Secure attachment style was inversely related to psychopathological symptoms. Secure participants scored significantly lower scores on the DASS (M = 17.63, SD = 17.07) compared to self-rated insecure participants [(M = 42.38, SD = 34.69), p < .01] and on the DTS (M = 14.22, SD = 15.42) compared to insecure participants [(M = 40.54, SD = 35.72), p < .01]. Similar results were found in analyses controlling for covariates of gender, age and burn severity as potential confounders. This research suggests attachment style may play an important role in psychosocial recovery from severe burn injury. |
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| Keywords: | Adult attachment Early adjustment Psychosocial Burn injury Cross-sectional study |
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