重症监护病房病原菌感染的分布与耐药性

目的　研究重症监护病房 (ICU)患者感染的病原菌分布及耐药性特征。方法　对我院ICU 2 0 0 2年 6月～ 2 0 0 3年12月各类感染标本所分离的细菌菌株分布及耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果　分离出的 5 4 0株细菌中仍以革兰阴性杆菌为主占 76 .7% ,其次为真菌 12 .4 % ,革兰阳性球菌 10 .9%。G-杆菌中铜绿假单胞菌占第一位 (31.2 % ) ,其次为克雷伯菌属和不动杆菌属 ,各占 15 .4 %和 14 .5 %。铜绿假单胞菌呈多重耐药 ,对亚胺培南的耐药率达 78%。不动杆菌属对所监测的抗生素多数耐药 ,对亚胺培南的耐药率较低。G 菌中以金黄色葡萄球菌为主 ,其中耐甲氧西林的金葡菌 (MRSA)占金葡菌的 96 .7%。真菌以白假丝酵母菌为主 ,占 5 7.8%。结论　ICU的感染及多重耐药情况严重 ,加强耐药性监测 ,指导临床合理使用抗生素十分重要

An analysis of bacteria distribution and resistance in the infections of ICU patients

Objective To analyze the pathogenic bacteria distribution and resistance in the infections of ICU patients. Method To retrospectirely analyze the distribution and drug resistance of the bacteria strain which was isolated from all kinds of infectious specimens got from the ICU of our hospital from 06/2002 to 12/2003. Result 76.7% of 540 bactenia strains is Gram negative bacillus.12.4% is fungus and 10.9% is Gram positive coccus.Pseudomonas aeruginosa ranks the top of Gram negative bacillus(31.2%) and the following is Bacillus preumoniae and Acinetobacter which take 15.4% and 14.5% respectively.Pseudomonas aeruginosa present the character of multiple drug resistance and its drug resistance rate to Imipenem is 78%.Acinehbacter is resistant to most of monitored antibotics,and lower to Imipenem.Most of Gram positive bacteria is staphylococcus aureus,of which the MRSA takes 96.7%.The common fungus is Mycocandida(57.8%). Conclution The infection and the multijrle drug tesistance is serious.Therefore in order to guide the clinical use of antibiotics,it is very important to monitor the drug resistance.