选择性环氧合酶2抑制剂预防结直肠腺瘤的系统评价

目的 系统性评价选择性环氧合酶（COX）-2抑制剂预防结直肠腺瘤的有效性和安全性。方法 检索Medline（1966至2006年）数据库,OVID（1996至2007年）数据库,EMBASE（1980至2007年1月）数据库,Cochrane图书馆（至2007年1月）以及中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM disk,1997至2007年1月）并鉴定随机对照研究（RCT）的质量。按Jadad质量评分进行评定。用RevMan4．2软件进行荟萃分析。结果 6项随机临床实验中共5708例患者满足纳入标准。选择性COX-2抑制剂与安慰剂比较,能显著降低腺瘤检出率（RR：0．70,95％CI：0．55～0．88,P=0．0003）以及晚期腺瘤检出率（RR：0．69,95％CI：0．53～0．89,P=0．005）。两者发生不良反应事件的危险度差异无统计学意义（RR：1．07,95％CI：0．98～1．17,P=0.11）,但并发心血管等严重事件的危险度差异有统计学意义（RR：1．21,95％CI：1．09～1．33,P=0．0002）。结论 选择性COX-2抑制剂可以有效消退结直肠腺瘤性息肉,可用于结直肠肿瘤的化学预防。但因为其潜在的心血管疾病等风险,尚不可作为常规用药。

Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors for the prevention of colorectal adenomas: a meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE: To determine the validity and safety of selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors for the prevention of colorectal adenomas. METHODS: The relevant data were retrieved from Medline (1966 to 2006), OVID (1996 to January 2007), EMBASE (1980 to January 2007), Chinese Cochrane Centre databases (up to January 2007) and Chinese Biological Medicine Disk (CBM disk, 1997 to 2007). Methodological quality assessment was based on the Cochrane Reviewers' Handbook and Jadad's Score Scale. Statistical software RevMan4.2 was used for meta-analysis. RESULTS: Six randomized clinical trials (5708 patients) were included in the study. Compared with placebo, selective COX-2 inhibitors lowered the detection rates of both adenomas and advanced adenomas (RR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.55 - 0.88, P = 0.0003 and RR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.53 - 0.89, P = 0.005). No significant difference was observed in the number of adverse events between patients taking selective COX-2 inhibitors and those taking placebo (RR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.98 - 1.17, P = 0.11). Compared with placebo, selective COX-2 inhibitors increased the risk of cardiovascular events (RR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.09 - 1.33, P = 0.0002). CONCLUSION: Selective COX-2 inhibitors can induce sufficient regression of colorectal adenomatous polyps and thus be used for chemoprevention of colorectal neoplasms. However, because of the potential cardiovascular events, it is not routinely recommended for this indication.