输尿管支架在肾移植中的应用

肾移植术后易发生输尿管狭窄、尿漏等泌尿系统并发症，严重影响移植肾功能，甚至导致移植肾丢失。输尿管支架在肾移植中发挥着重要作用，其通过促进肾移植术后尿液从肾脏流入膀胱，减轻输尿管内压力，降低早期泌尿系统并发症的发生风险，但也可能造成尿路感染、支架相关并发症和BK病毒感染等不利影响。因此临床医师需要灵活把握输尿管支架移除指征。本文对肾移植领域输尿管支架的应用、可能带来的不利影响及移除时机做一综述，旨在为肾移植术后输尿管支架相关的临床决策提供参考。

Application of ureteral stent in kidney transplantation

Ureteral stricture, urine leakage and other urinary complications are likely to occur after kidney transplantation, which severely affect the function of renal allograft and even lead to renal allograft loss. Ureteral stent plays a critical role in kidney transplantation, which could promote the urine flow from kidney to bladder after kidney transplantation, lower the pressure within the ureter and reduce the risk of early urinary complications. However, it may also cause urinary tract infection, stent-related complications and BK virus infection, etc. Therefore, clinicians should flexibly grasp the indications for ureteral stent removal. In this article, the application, potential adverse reactions and the timing of removal of ureteral stent in the field of kidney transplantation were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for clinical decision-making related to ureteral stent after kidney transplantation.