吸烟饮酒作为低发区鼻咽癌致病因素的分析

目的研究我国鼻咽癌低发地区吸烟、饮酒与鼻咽癌致病的关系。方法使用标准化的调查表收集2005年1月～2008年10月湖北省内的245例鼻咽癌及245名与之性别、年龄（±5岁）配对的健康人群的相关信息,并比较他们的吸烟及饮酒习惯。结果本研究发现吸烟可增加鼻咽癌的致病危险性（OR调整=2.22;95%CI：1.42～3.49）。吸烟累积量与鼻咽癌致病危险性有剂量效应关系。吸烟累积量（每天吸烟的支数×烟龄）为300～600支的人患病的危险性是300支以下的人的7.19倍（OR调整=7.19;95%CI：3.02～17.11）,而当吸烟累积量达600支以上,患病危险性则提高到11.89倍（OR调整=11.89;95%CI：4.14～34.13）。重度饮酒能够导致鼻咽癌致病危险性提高,且结果有统计学意义。结论吸烟是鼻咽癌致病的危险因素,吸烟的累积量与鼻咽癌致病风险有剂量效应关系;重度饮酒可导致鼻咽癌发病危险性提高。

Nonviral risk factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in populations at low risk of NPC

Objective To understand the role of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking on nasopharyngeal carcinoma（NPC）in populations at low risk of NPC.Methods We performed a case-control study in Hubei Province between Jan 2005 and Oct 2008.In this study we compared use of tobacco and alcohol by 245 NPC cases and 245 NPC-free control subjects frequency-matched by age（±5 years）and sex.A questionnaire was used to capture use of tobacco and alcohol and demographic information such as age and sex.Results We found that tobacco smoking was associated with an increased risk of NPC adjusted odds ratio（OR）,2.22;95% confidence interval（CI）,1.42～3.49].Risk of NPC increased in proportion to the cumulation of tobacco smoking（adjusted OR,7.19;95% CI：3.02～17.11 for smoker with more than 300 and less than 600 cigarettes-years;adjusted OR,11.89;95% CI：4.14～34.13 for smoker with more than 600 cigarettes-years）.We found a statistically significant risk of NPC among persons whose intake of alcohol was heavy.Conclusions Tobacco smoking was a risk factor for NPC,whose risk increased in proportion to tobacco use.Heavy consumption of alcohol was associated with NPC risk.