儿童下呼吸道感染常见病原菌分布及耐药分析

目的探讨下呼吸道感染患者的病原菌种类分布及其耐药性,以协助临床合理应用抗菌药物。方法以回顾性方法,分析从2008～2010年医院呼吸内科下呼吸道感染患者痰标本分离出的病原菌及耐药情况。结果革兰阴性杆菌占56.8%,革兰阳性球菌为36.7%,真菌为6.5%,其中肺炎克雷伯菌及大肠埃希菌分别占20.9%及14.7%,对亚胺培南、美罗培南耐药率为0%～1.9%;肺炎链球菌及金黄色葡萄球菌分别占17.5%和9.9%,仅对万古霉素耐药率为0。结论我院儿科下呼吸道感染的主要病原菌为革兰阴性杆菌,不同菌种对抗生素药物敏感性和耐药性均存在差异。应根据药敏试验合理选用抗生素治疗。

Distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens isolate in iower respiratory tract infection in children

Objective To investigate the pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance in the patient s with lower respiratory tract infection to help reasonably utilize antibiotics.Methods By the retrospective methods,we analyzed the pathogens isolated from the sputa of the hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infection in the department of Pediatrics from 2008 to 2010 and their drug resistance.Results There were 201（56.58 %） strains of Gram-negative bacilli,130（36.7 %） strains of Gram-positive bacteria and 23（6.5 %） strains of fungi.Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were 20.9 % and 14.7 %,respectively,the drug resistance ratio to imipenem and meropenem was 0～1.9%;Streptococcus penumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were 17.5 % and 9.9%,respectively,only to vancomycin were without resistance.Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens in children from with lower respiratory tract infection,The antibiotic suceptibility of pathogenic bacteria varies with different strains of bacteria.A reasonable se lection of antibiotics should be based on the antibiotic susceptibility test.