焦虑症患者依恋类型、述情障碍与防御方式的关系研究

目的研究焦虑症患者的依恋类型、述情障碍及其防御方式,并探讨三者的关系。方法采用修订版成人依恋量表（AAS-1996）、多伦多述情障碍量表（TAS）及防御方式问卷对32例焦虑症患者和110名对照组被试进行评定,并进行统计分析。结果焦虑症患者比对照组具有更低的亲近、依赖和更高的焦虑;焦虑症患者的述情障碍得分显著高于对照组,其中因子Ⅰ、因子Ⅱ较对照组高,因子Ⅲ较对照组低;不同依恋类型的焦虑症患者所使用的防御机制存在显著差异,安全型依恋的个体较少使用防御机制,不安全型依恋的个体倾向于使用不成熟防御机制和中间防御机制;焦虑症患者的情感理解和情感表达障碍与其所使用的防御机制存在显著相关。结论焦虑症患者的依恋类型、述情障碍与防御方式有一定关系,偏向不安全依恋、较高水平述情障碍和不成熟防御方式,心理治疗应在充分考虑人格特征的基础上帮助焦虑症患者调整不恰当的防御方式,提高心理健康水平。

Study on the relativity among the attachment type, alexitymia and defense style of anxiety patients

Objective To evaluate the attachment type,the level of alexitymia and the defense style of anxiety patients in Chengdu and their relativity.Methods Applied Adult Attachment Scale（AAS-1996 Revised Edition）,Toronto alexithymia scale（TAS） and Defense Style Questionnaire（DSQ） to evaluate 32 anxiety patients and 110 control group participants,and gave an analysis.Results The scores of close and dependence are lower than the control group,while the score of anxiety is higher than the control group.The score of alexitymia is significantly higher than the control group,in which the factor Ⅰ and factor Ⅱ are higher than the control group,while the factor Ⅲ is lower than the control group.The defense styles of anxiety patients with different attachment type are significantly different,while anxiety patients with secure attachment use less defense mechanism than insecure attachment.There is a significant relativity between the anxiety patients′ emotional disorder and the defense mechanism they use.Conclusion There are relativities among the attachment type,alexitymia and defense style of anxiety patients.They have insecure attachment,high level of alexithymia and immature defense style.The psychotherapy of the anxiety patients should be used to help them change the defense style on the basis of their characteristics of personality to improve their level of mental health.