新疆石河子市老年人生活质量影响因素的研究

目的：找出影响生活质量的主要因素，为增进老年人的生活质量提供参考依据。方法：采用分层整群抽样法，用SF-36量表评价石河子市500名60岁及以上老年人的生活质量，同时调查可能影响生活质量的社会经济、文化因素，以及被调查对象的个人特征和慢性病情况。用t检验、方差分析和逐步回归对每一种影响因素分别分析，找出主要影响因素。结果：单因素分析时，是否患慢性病、年龄、性别、文化程度、职业、婚姻、工资来源、经济收入、住房面积、医疗费用负担形式、活动与锻炼、居住方式、老年娱乐活动、子女回家频率、自理能力、与亲属配偶交流和是否了解保健知识等17种因素与生活质量的各领域或大多数领域均有关系。但进一步的多因素分析，在排除了各因素之间的相互影响后发现，生活质量的主要影响因素是性别、年龄、文化程度、医疗费用负担形式、自理能力、是否患慢性病、与配偶亲属交流和活动与锻炼。结论：影响老年人生活质量的因素包括多种人口学和社会学特征，因此应采取综合措施提高社区老年人的生活质量。

The study on influencing factors of quality of life of community dwelling elderly people in shihezi city Xinjiang

Objective：To investigate the risk factors influencing quality of life of elders with the aim of providing evidence for valid health promotion measures, Methods ：The authors used the short form 36 to assess the quality of life of 500 old people,The study sample was randomly selected from shihezi city in XingJiang. The data of potential risk factors including social economic status, culture, chronic condition and personal characteristics were collected. The Student t-test, variance analysis, and stepwise multivariate regression methods were used to test the impacts of different risk factors on quality of life. Results： The Chronic condition, age, sex, educational level, marital status, occupation, Wage sources, personal income, housing area, medical insurance, training activities, Living, old entertainment, The frequency of their children to go home, Self-care ability, with the exchange of family members, Aware of health knowledge were correlated with all or most of the domains of the short form 36 in t-test or one-way variance analysis. When the effect of interaction between factors were excluded by use of multivariate regression, sex, age, educational level, medical insurance, Self-care ability, the chronic condition, with the exchange of family members and training activities remained to be significant risk factors. Conclusion： Several hemographies and sociological characteristics affect the quality of life of the eldly, comprehensive measures should be taken to improve the quality of life of old people in community.