2011年威海市农村集中式供水工程卫生状况调查

目的]了解威海市农村集中式供水工程的卫生安全状况。方法]2011年3～4月和7～8月，在威海市抽取部分农村集中式饮水工程进行卫生学与水处理情况调查及水质检测。结果]调查100处供水工程，有3处停止供水，其余97处基本上能满足农村居民日常生活需要。调查的97处供水工程中，48．45％的水源及44．33％的供水工程周围存在污染，9．28％的水源及11．34％的供水工程周围采取防护措施。97处供水工程中，60．82％未进行水处理；29．90％采取消毒措施，但没有按要求正规消毒；12．37％～98．97％的卫生管理措施缺乏或不到位。检测388份水样，合格率为57．22％，4份水样均合格的供水工程占35．05％。净化处理的水样合格率为68．33％，未处理的为52．24％（P〈O．01）；采用消毒措施的供水工程水样为66．18％，未消毒的供水工程水样为55．31％（P〉O．05）。不合格的指标主要是微生物指标，合格率为66．75％。结论]威海市农村供水工程存在诸多不安全因素，供水的水质合格率较低。

Survey on Hygienic Status of Rural Centralized Water Supply Projects, Weihai City, 2011

Objective]To know the hygienic and safety status of centralized water supply projects in rural Weihai city. Methods]Some centralized drinking water supply projects were extracted randomly from March to April and July to August,and then hygienic status and water quality were surveyed. Results]Of 100 projects surveyed, 3 had stopped water supply,the remaining 97 could meet basicaily the needs of daily life among rural residents. Among the 97 water supply projects,48.45% sources of water and 44.33% water supply projects around were polluted,9.28% sources of water and 11.34% water supply projects were protected. 60.82% water were not treated;29.90% were disinfected,but did not meet the requirements of regular disinfections 12.37%-98.97% were short of the health management measures. 388 samples was tested, the qualified rate was 5 7. 2 2 % , the qualified completely rate of 4 samples of water supply projects was 3 5. 0 5 %. The qualified rate of purification of water was 68.33% ,untreated was 52.24%（ P 〈0.01） ;the rate of water samples purification was 66.18% ,the rate of no purification was 55.31%（ P 〉0.05）. The qual- ified rate of microbial indicators was 66.75%. Conclusion]Water supply projects in rural Weihai city have many unsafe factors, the qualified rate of water quality is lower.