正常听力受试者佩戴不同组合全向性与方向性麦克风的效果比较

目的 比较噪声环境下全向性麦克风与自适应方向性麦克风的不同组合佩戴方式对听力正常成年人言语识别率的影响,从而选择最佳的组合佩戴方式.方法 选择20例(40耳)听力正常青年人(男、女各10例)分别按照双耳全向性麦克风模式(组合1),双耳自适应方向性麦克风模式(组合2),一耳全向性麦克风、一耳自适应麦克风模式(组合3)3种方式,在信噪比变化的漫射声场中进行言语识别率测试,从而进行助听效果的评估.结果 组合1、2、3三种方式测出的L50值(50%言语识别率的信噪比)分别为-3.55±2.37 dB,-7.15±2.18 dB,-5.40±2.35 dB,三者之间两两比较差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 噪声环境下无论双耳佩戴自适应方向性麦克风模式还是一耳佩戴自适应方向性麦克风、另一耳佩戴全向性麦克风,其言语识别能力均高于双耳佩戴全向性麦克风模式,且双耳佩戴自适应方向性麦克风模式的言语识别率高于一耳自适应麦克风、一耳全向性麦克风模式.

The Outcomes of Different Combinations of Omnidirectional and Adaptive Directional Microphones in Normal-hearing Hearing Aid Users

Objective To compare the effects of different combinations of omnidirectional and adaptive directional microphones on the speech recognition scores of normal-hearing young adults and to choose the best combination based on the results. Methods Twenty normal-hearing young adults （10 males,10 females） were fitted with three different combinations of microphones （binaural omnidirectional microphone pattern, binaural adaptive directional microphone pattern, an omnidirectional microphone on one ear and an adaptive microphone on the other known as ＂monofit＂ pattern）. The speech recognition scores were tested and compared as a function of fluctuant signal-to-noise ratios （SNR） in a diffuse sound field. Results The L50 values （speech- to-noise ratio for 50% intelligibility） of binaural omnidirectional microphone pattern, binaural adaptive directional microphone pattern and ＂monofit＂ pattern were-3.55 dB,-7.15 dB and-5.40 dB, respectively. The statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in the L50 between the three patterns（P〈O.05）. Conclusion The speech recognition abilities in noise are higher when fitted with binaural adaptive directional microphone or ＂monofit＂ pattern as compared to binaural omnidirectional microphone pattern. Also, the speech recognition ability of binaural adaptive directional microphone pattern in noise is significantly higher than that of ＂monofit＂ pattern.