老年人社会支持评价量表的汉化及信效度检验

目的  汉化老年人社会支持评价(the social support appraisals scale, SS-A)量表，并进行文化调适和信效度检验。方法  遵循Brislin翻译模式进行量表的翻译、回译及文化调适。采用便利抽样对548名老年人进行一对一访谈调查，分析中文版量表的信度和效度。结果  中文版量表共包含20个条目，3个维度。结构效度：探索性因子提取3个因子，可解释的总变异为59.706%；模型拟合指标为：χ²/υ=2.648、比较拟合指数(comparative fit idex, CFI)=0.907、增值适配指数(iciemental fit index, IFI)=0.908、拟合优度指数(goodness of fit index, GFI)=0.862、非标准适配指数(Tucker-Lewis index, TLI)=0.889、渐进残差均方和平方根(root mean square error of approximation, RMSEA)=0.078、残差均方和平方根(root mean square residual, RMR)=0.019。收敛效度：平均方差抽取量(average vriance extracted, AVE)=0.579。区分效度：低分组和高分组差异均有统计学意义(均有P＜0.05)。一致性信度：总量表克朗巴赫(Cronbach’s α)系数为0.927；3个维度的Cronbach’s α系数分别为0.884、0.858和0.697。重测信度：组内相关系数(intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC)为0.780，3个维度ICC值分别为0.869、0.655和0.505，且均有统计学意义(均有P < 0.001)。结论  中文版老年人社会支持评价量表信效度良好，可用于中国老年人社会支持的评价。

Reliability and validity of Chinese version of the social support appraisals scale for older people

  Objective  To translate the English version of the social support appraisals scale (SS-A) developed by Vaux into Chinese, and to assess its reliability and validity.  Methods  Based on the Brislin translation model for translation and cross-cultural adjustment of the scale, 548 older people who met the inclusion criteria were conducted one-to-one interviews using convenience sampling, aiming to test the reliability and validity of the scale.  Results  The Chinese version of the scale contained twenty items and three dimensions. Construct validity: the exploratory factors extracts three factors, cumulative variance contribution rate was 59.706%. The confirmatory factor analysis fitting indexes: χ2/υ was 2.648, comparative fit idex (CFI) was 0.907, iciemental fit index (IFI) was 0.908, goodness of fit index (GFI) was 0.862, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) was 0.889, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.078 and root mean square residual (RMR) was 0.019. Convergent validity: average vriance extracted (AVE) was 0.579. Discrimination validity: there was a significant difference between the low group and the high group. Consistency reliability: the Cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale and three dimensions were 0.927, 0.884, 0.858, and 0.697 respectively. Test-retest reliability: intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were 0.780, 0.869, 0.655 and 0.505, respectively (all P < 0.001).  Conclusion  The Chinese version of SS-A shows sufficient reliability and validity, which can be used to evaluate social support of older people in China.