山东省心血管健康现状及改善情况评价

  目的  了解山东省各市心血管健康现状及改善情况，为政府部门针对性制定心血管疾病防控策略提供依据。  方法  构建包含5个维度52个指标的山东省分市心血管健康指数（cardiovascular health index，CHI）体系，对各指标进行同向化、标准化、百分化及加权求和等处理，并计算各指标得分的加权合计总分，得分越高表明表现越好。  结果  从CHI总分来看，最高分为威海市（78.21分），最低分为聊城市（30.96分）；威海市、青岛市、东营市、济南市和烟台市得分居前五位，人群心血管健康状况相对较好；聊城市、菏泽市、德州市、枣庄市和滨州市得分位居后五位，人群心血管健康状况相对较差。从单个维度来看，总分排名靠前的城市也有相对较弱的方面，比如排名靠前的济南市在D维度心血管病救治情况排名第11位，处于全省下游水平。从52个指标的得分排名来看，各市均有需要具体改善的方面，如青岛市冠心病早死概率（A03，第9位）、肥胖率（B06，第13名）、糖尿病患病率（B09，第10名）、血脂异常患病率（B10，第14名）、血压检测率（C01，第12位）、糖尿病控制率（C08，第12位）、心血管内科神经内科医生数量（D01，第11名）、导管室数量（D02，第16名）、危险因素干预药物的使用情况（E04，第15名）和疾控人员数（E07，第12名）等指标得分排名较为靠后。与2018年比较，威海市、烟台市、日照市、济宁市、临沂市和菏泽市6个市总分排名均有不同程度上升，其他地市排名有所下降或保持不变。  结论  山东省各地市心血管健康状况不尽相同，东中部地市整体好于鲁西北、鲁西南地区，各市在心血管疾病防控的每一个维度和指标均有进步的空间。

Current status of cardiovascular health and its inprovement evaluation in Shangdong Province

  Objective  To understand the current status and improvement of cardiovascular health in Shandong Province, and to provide basis for government departments to formulate prevention and control strategies for cardiovascular diseases.  Methods  The system of cardiovascular health index (CHI) in Shandong Province was constructed, which contained 52 indicators in five dimensions. The indicators were homogenized, standardized, differentiated, and weighted summation, and the weighted total score was calculated. A higher score indicated a better performance.  Results  Regarding the CHI total score, Weihai city was the highest (78.21), while Liaocheng city was the lowest (30.96). Weihai, Qingdao, Dongying, Jinan and Yantai ranked the top five cities, where local cardiovascular health status was relatively well. Liaocheng, Heze, Dezhou, Zaozhuang, and Binzhou ranked the last five cities, where local cardiovascular health status was relatively inferior. For the single dimension, there were also relatively weak aspects of the cities with high CHI. For example, Jinan ranked the 11th in the D dimension in terms of the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, which was at the lower level in this province. For the score ranking of the 52 indicators, all cities had specific aspects that need to be improved. For instance, the premature death rate of coronary heart disease (A03, 9th), prevalence rate of obesity (B06, 13th), diabetes (B09, 10th), and dyslipidemia (B10, 14th), detection rate of blood pressure (C01, 12th), control rate of diabetes (C08, 12th), number of cardiovascular neurologists (D01, 11th), number of cardiac catheter room (D02, 16th), use of risk factor intervention drugs (E04, 15th), and number of disease control personnel (E07, 12th) of Qingdao ranked relatively lower. The total scores of Weihai, Yantai, Rizhao, Jining, Linyi and Heze had increased to varying degrees compared with those in 2018, while the ranking of other cities had decreased or remained unchanged.  Conclusions  The cardiovascular health status of different cities in Shandong Province is not the same. The status in eastern and central cities are better than that of the northwestern and southwestern cities in Shandong Province, and there is room for improvement in every dimension and index of cardiovascular disease prevention and control in each city.