我国女性孕早期至孕晚期抑郁症状的发展轨迹

  目的  探讨我国女性从孕早期至孕晚期抑郁症状的发展轨迹。  方法  2019年8月21日—2020年6月28日，通过自编孕产妇心理健康在线调查系统，采用自编基本信息调查表和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表对国内多家医院的2 485名孕妇分别在孕早期(T1，＜13周)、孕中期(T2，20~28周)和孕晚期(T3，32~36周)进行抑郁症状的追踪调查。使用Mplus 8.3软件对数据进行潜变量增长曲线模型(latent variable growth curve model, LGCM)与增长混合模型(growth mixture model, GMM)分析。  结果  531名孕妇完成了孕期3个阶段抑郁症状的测量，孕早期、孕中期和孕晚期抑郁症状检出率分别为31.64%、23.92%、25.61%。模型结果显示孕期抑郁症状整体上从孕早期到孕晚期逐渐缓解，存在正常缓解组(C1，67.42%)、抑郁风险组(C2，28.44%)和抑郁高危组(C3，4.14%)3个轨迹类别。其中，C1组呈现从孕早期到孕晚期逐渐降低的趋势(x_β=-1.15, P＜0.001)；C2组呈现从孕早期到孕晚期平稳升高的趋势(x_β=0.86, P＜0.001)；C3组呈现从孕早期到孕晚期显著升高的趋势(x_β=1.57, P＜0.001)。  结论  孕期抑郁症状整体上呈现从孕早期到孕晚期逐渐降低的线性发展轨迹，且存在3个潜在类别，具有群体异质性。

The trajectory of depression in Chinese women from early to late pregnancy

  Objective  To explore the developmental trajectory of depressive symptoms in Chinese women from early to late pregnancy.  Methods  From 21 August 2019 to 28 June 2020, 2 485 pregnant women from several hospitals in China were conducted the follow-up survey of depressive symptoms in early pregnancy (T1, < 13 weeks), mid pregnancy (T2, 20 to 28 weeks) and late pregnancy (T3, 32 to 36 weeks) through a self-administered maternal mental health online survey system using the self-administered basic information questionnaire and the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Besides, the data was analyzed using Mplus 8.3 for both latent variable growth curve model and growth mixture model.  Results  A total of 531 pregnant women completed the measurement at three time points during pregnancy. The detection rates of depression were 31.64% in early pregnancy, 23.92% in mid-pregnancy and 25.61% in late pregnancy. The results of the model showed an overall gradual decrease in depressive symptoms during pregnancy from early to late pregnancy, with three potential categories of normal remission group (C1, 67.42%), depression risk group (C2, 28.44%) and depression high risk group (C3, 4.14%). Among of them, the C1 group showed a gradual decrease from early to late pregnancy (x_β=-1.15, P < 0.001); the C2 group showed a steady increase (x_β=0.86, P < 0.001); and the C3 group showed a significant increase (x_β=1.57, P < 0.001).  Conclusion  Depressive symptoms during pregnancy show a linear trajectory of progressive decline from early to late pregnancy as a whole, and there are three potential categories with distinct group heterogeneity.