Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a review of efficacy and tolerability in depression

Background: In asthma small airways inflammation often persists despite inhaled corticosteroids therapy. Objective: To discuss the effects of ciclesonide, a newer inhaled corticosteroid on small airways inflammation and the reliability of some biomarkers of small airways inflammation in asthma. Methods and results: Evaluation of a study assessing the short-term effects of ciclesonide on small airways inflammation in patients with mild to moderate asthma. Conclusions: Ciclesonide could have beneficial effects on small airways inflammation and some of the outcome measures used as efficacy endpoints could represent possible biomarkers of small airways involvement in obstructive chronic respiratory diseases.