Hepatitis B – Vertical transmission and the prevention of mother-to-child transmission |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama;2. Department of Medicine, Section of Digestive Disease, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut;3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Center for Women''s Reproductive Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama |
| |
| Abstract: | Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the commonest cause of chronic hepatitis, with an estimated global prevalence of 3.5%, and which leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) during pregnancy is the leading form of transmission in endemic populations, and its interruption is thus crucial as the initial step in the elimination of HBV infection, notwithstanding the availability of potent antiviral medications. The risk of MTCT is dramatically reduced by timely neonatal HBV vaccination and the administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin after birth in high-risk infants. Maternal HBV DNA quantification during pregnancy allows the assessment of the risk of newborn immunoprophylaxis failure (IF). Maternal antiviral treatment in highly viremic women can reduce the risk of IF. However, the optimal HBV DNA cutoff level for the initiation of antiviral treatment remains to be determined. |
| |
| Keywords: | Antiviral treatment Hepatitis B virus Immunoprophylaxis failure Pregnancy Vaccination Vertical transmission |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
