太白楤木总皂苷对糖尿病小鼠血糖 血脂及抗氧化作用的影响

目的观察太白楤木总皂苷对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖、血脂的调节作用。方法将小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、二甲双胍组及太白楤木总皂苷（total saponin of Aralia taibaiensis，SAT）30、60、120mg·kg^-1剂量组，连续4周灌胃给药，末次给药后尾静脉取血测定血糖、血脂指标；分离肝组织测定抗氧化指标。结果太白楤木总皂苷60、120mg·kg^-1剂量组可显著降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠的血糖（P〈0．01），且以高剂量120mg·kg^-1的降糖作用最明显。4周治疗结束后，上述两剂量组的血清中总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）和丙二醛（MDA）含量显著降低（P〈0．01或P〈0．05），胰岛素含量、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-c）含量、过氧化物酶（SOD）及及胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）显著升高（P〈0．05或P〈0．01），但低密度脂蛋白（LDL-c）含量变化不明显（P〉0．05）。在太白楤木总皂苷的剂量为120mg·kg^-1时，其降血糖、降血脂及其抗氧化效果同二甲双胍相当（P〉0．05）。结论太白楤木总皂苷可降低糖尿病小鼠的血糖，其降糖机制可能与其提高糖尿病小鼠抗氧化能力，改善血脂代谢紊乱，提高肝脏及外周组织胰岛素敏感性，改善胰岛素抵抗有关。

The Effect of Total Saponin of Aralia Taibaiensis on Glycemia Lipid and Antiox idation in Hyperglycemic Mice

Aim To study the effect of total saponin of Aralia taibaiensis （SAT） on glycemia, lipid and antioxidation in hyperglycemic mice induced by Alloxan. Methods Alloxan-induced diabetic mice were fed with SAT at the dose of 30,60,120mg·kg^-1 respectively for 4 wk. The blood glucose levels, the blood lipid levels and antioxidation levels were assayed after the last feeding. Results After being treated with SAT for 4 weeks, SAT at the dose of 60, 120mg·kg^-1 significantly lowered the fasting blood glucose compared with normal group （ P 〈0.01 ）, and the hypoglycemic effect of SAT reached the peak at the dose of 120mg·kg^-1. The levels of TC, TG, FFA and MDA were lower than those of the model control （ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈0.01 ）. Ins, HDL-c, SOD activity and ISI increased significantly （ P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01 ）, while LDL-c changed little （ P 〉0.05 ）. Conclusion SAT has obvious glucose-lowering effect on hyperglycemic mice. The mechanism may be related to improving the antioxidation level, restoring the blood lipid levels, increasing ISI and improving the insulin resistance in hyperglycemic mice.