肖厝口岸首次鼠蚤类动物本底调查报告

目的掌握肖厝口岸鼠形动物及蚤类种群分布和季节消长的本底情况,为口岸的传染病监测和卫生控制提供科学依据。方法从2004年8月~2005年7月分别采用捕鼠夹和捕鼠笼对肖厝口岸的鼠形动物及所携带的蚤类动物的种群构成、季节消长进行了调查。结果共捕获鼠形动物60只,经鉴定隶属2目2科3属5种。年平均鼠密度为1.08%(40/3707),海龙餐馆调查点的鼠密度最高,为1.57%(11/702),全年鼠密度的高峰期在6~8月。鼠种构成黄胸鼠为优势鼠种,占45.00%(27/60);褐家鼠占36.67%(22/60);黄毛鼠占8.33%(5/60);小家鼠占1.67%(1/60);臭鼩鼱占8.33%(5/60)。检蚤40匹,均为当地常见的印鼠客蚤。鼠体染蚤指数为2.00,鼠体染蚤率为55.00%,其中褐家鼠染蚤率最高,为80.00%。结论肖厝口岸鼠密度较低,鼠种构成相对简单,但调查所在地域具有传播鼠疫的潜在危险。每年的6~8月是开展灭鼠的最好时机,灭鼠重点应放在港区内食堂、三梅码头及海龙餐馆,控制褐家鼠的种群密度和灭蚤是今后防鼠灭鼠工作的重点。

The First Investigation Report of Mice and Fleas Background at XiaoCuo Port

Objective To grasp the original background of species distribution of mouse-shaped animals and fleas and how their population grow and decline with seasons so as to offer scientific basis for epidemic monitoring and hygiene control. Method From.8. 2004 to 7. 2005, we used traps and cages to investigate the species constitution and seasonal population fluctuation of mouse-shaped animals in Xiaocuo Port and the fleas they carried. Results 60 mouse-shaped animals were caught belong respectively to 5 species 3 genera 2 families and 2 orders. The annual average mice density is 1.08%(40/3707). The highest mice density is in Hailong Restaurant, which is 1.57% (11/702). The peak period of mice density of the whole year is from June to August. The species of the mice are as follows: the Rattus flavipectus is a dominating species which accounts for 45.00%(27/60);Rattus norvegicus 36.67%(22/60);Rattus losea 8.33%(5/60);Mus muscuius Linneus 1.67%(1/60); Suncus murinus 8.33%(5/60). 40 Fleas are found, which are X.cheopis frequently seen in the local. The index of fleas inflection among the mice is 2.00, and the rate of which is 55.00%. The fleas infection of Rattus norvegicus is the highest, i.e. 80.00% .Conclusions The mice density in XiaoCuo Port is relatively low, and the form of species is not complex as well, but there is a potential danger of rats plague in the region we investigated. It is the best opportunity to deratize the mice from June to August. The Port Dining Room, SanMei Quay and Hailong restaurant are the three places that deserve the most attention. The key point in the future work is to control the species density of Rattus norvegicus and to eradiate fleas.