主-肺动脉间隔缺损及右肺动脉起源于升主动脉合并主动脉弓离断(附5例报告)

目的 探讨主-肺动脉间隔缺损及右肺动脉起源于升主动脉合并主动脉弓离断的发病情况,总结诊断和治疗经验.方法 回顾性分析武汉亚洲心脏病医院2005至2009年5例病儿,均经超声心动图、螺旋CT检查,3例10岁以上病儿行心导管检查及心血管造影,确诊为A型主动脉弓离断、Ⅱ型主-肺动脉缺损、右肺动脉起源于升主动脉,均合并粗大动脉导管未闭、无室间隔缺损等心内畸形.年龄1～18岁,其中男4例,女1例.结果 1例18岁病人,应用3个月前列环素(万他维)降肺动脉压力治疗,现心功能Ⅱ级;1例14岁病儿放弃治疗,失访.余3例行一期根治手术,其中1岁病婴并发严重肺部感染,术后第11天死亡;2岁病婴术后仍有重度肺动脉高压,经强心、利尿及降肺动脉压治疗,随访18个月病儿生存,但心功能Ⅲ级;10岁病儿术后恢复好,经强心、利尿及降肺动脉压药物治疗,随访3个月心功能Ⅰ级.结论 这种病例与经典的主动脉弓离断三联征有显著的差异,是一种独特的心血管畸形综合征.超声心动图可作为该疾病的初步诊断方法.确诊及手术指征的判断宜结合心导管检查、心血管造影及螺旋CT检查.肺动脉压力及阻力是影响手术时机及预后的关键因素.手术方式均可采取一期根治术,但病死率较高.如能度过围手术期,则生存的概率很大.

Abstract：

Objective Reviewing the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of cases with aorta-pulmonary septal defect and aortic origin of right pulmonary artery complicated with interruption of the aortic arch. Methods Reviewed clinical data from medical records for5 patients (4 boys and 1 girl, age from 1 to 18 years on admission) who had been treated in Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital between 2005 and 2009. Results All cases had type A interruption of the aortic arch ( according to Celoria and Patron's Classification) , type Ⅱ aorta-pulmonary septal defect( according to Mori Classification) and aortic origin of right pulmonary artery complicated with interruption of the aortic arch. Large patent ductus arteries were observed in all cases,and no cardiac abnormality such as ventricular septal defect was found. All patients received echocardiography and spiral CT examination, and 3 of them over 10 years of age received cardiac catheterization and angiography for the evaluation of the pulmonary artery pressure. Two patients, at the age of 14 and 18 years, had severe pulmonary hypertension and declined to receive the operation. One of the 2 cases had hemoptysis and was given prostacyclin ( Iloprost solution for inhalation, a drug for pulmonary artery hypertention ) for reducing the pulmonary pressure. The patient now has an improved cardiac fu0ction without recurrent hemoptysis. One 14-year-old case gave up the operation because of the financial problem and failed to communicate with us after discharge. Radical surgery was performed in the remaining three cases, one had serious infection in the lung and died 11 days after the operation, in one case ( 2 years old) pulmonary artery hypertension has been persisted even though drug therapy was given for a long time and was found at a poor cardiac function 18 months after the operation. One patient recovered well under routine drug therapy and has been followed-up. Conclusion Aorta-pulmonary septal defect and aortic origin of right pulmonary artery with interruption of the aortic arch ( with intact ventricular septum) are different from the classic triad of inter ruption of the aortic arch, consisted of the interruption of the aortic arch, patent ductts arteriosus and ventricular septal defect.It should be considered as a special kind of cardiovascular malformation syndrome. Echocardiography can be used for the preliminary diagnosis of aorta-pulmonary septal defect and aortic origin of right pulmonary artery with interruption of the aortic arch. The final diagnosis and decision for surgery should be based on the combined information from cardiac catheterization,cardiovascular angiography and spiral CT examination. Pulmonary artery pressure and resistance are the most important factors,because they have great effects on the duration of surgery and the outcome. A radical operation is necessary for all cases, but the mortality rate is high. The prognosis would be great if only the patient can survive successfully during the peri-operative period, a period with a poor cardiac function, potential lung infection and the pulmonary artery hypertension.

Aorta-pulmonary septal defect and aortic origin of the right pulmonary artery with interruption of the aortic arch: a clinical analysis of 5 cases

Objective Reviewing the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of cases with aorta-pulmonary septal defect and aortic origin of right pulmonary artery complicated with interruption of the aortic arch. Methods Reviewed clinical data from medical records for5 patients (4 boys and 1 girl, age from 1 to 18 years on admission) who had been treated in Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital between 2005 and 2009. Results All cases had type A interruption of the aortic arch ( according to Celoria and Patron's Classification) , type Ⅱ aorta-pulmonary septal defect( according to Mori Classification) and aortic origin of right pulmonary artery complicated with interruption of the aortic arch. Large patent ductus arteries were observed in all cases,and no cardiac abnormality such as ventricular septal defect was found. All patients received echocardiography and spiral CT examination, and 3 of them over 10 years of age received cardiac catheterization and angiography for the evaluation of the pulmonary artery pressure. Two patients, at the age of 14 and 18 years, had severe pulmonary hypertension and declined to receive the operation. One of the 2 cases had hemoptysis and was given prostacyclin ( Iloprost solution for inhalation, a drug for pulmonary artery hypertention ) for reducing the pulmonary pressure. The patient now has an improved cardiac fu0ction without recurrent hemoptysis. One 14-year-old case gave up the operation because of the financial problem and failed to communicate with us after discharge. Radical surgery was performed in the remaining three cases, one had serious infection in the lung and died 11 days after the operation, in one case ( 2 years old) pulmonary artery hypertension has been persisted even though drug therapy was given for a long time and was found at a poor cardiac function 18 months after the operation. One patient recovered well under routine drug therapy and has been followed-up. Conclusion Aorta-pulmonary septal defect and aortic origin of right pulmonary artery with interruption of the aortic arch ( with intact ventricular septum) are different from the classic triad of inter ruption of the aortic arch, consisted of the interruption of the aortic arch, patent ductts arteriosus and ventricular septal defect.It should be considered as a special kind of cardiovascular malformation syndrome. Echocardiography can be used for the preliminary diagnosis of aorta-pulmonary septal defect and aortic origin of right pulmonary artery with interruption of the aortic arch. The final diagnosis and decision for surgery should be based on the combined information from cardiac catheterization,cardiovascular angiography and spiral CT examination. Pulmonary artery pressure and resistance are the most important factors,because they have great effects on the duration of surgery and the outcome. A radical operation is necessary for all cases, but the mortality rate is high. The prognosis would be great if only the patient can survive successfully during the peri-operative period, a period with a poor cardiac function, potential lung infection and the pulmonary artery hypertension.