多种消毒剂对病毒灭活效果的实验研究

目的研究高、中、低效消毒剂对脊髓灰质炎病毒的灭活效果及有机物浓度对其的影响.方法根据含氯类（次氯酸钠、三氯异氰尿酸钠）、过氧化物类、醛类、含碘类（强力碘、碘伏、碘酊、聚酮维碘）、季铵盐类、复方氯己定等多种消毒剂的适当浓度和作用时间对微生物的杀灭能力,进行灭活病毒的实验研究,并比较灭活效果.结果次氯酸钠400 mg/L作用15 min,三氯异氰尿酸钠500 mg/L作用15 min,二氧化氯100 mg/L作用10 min,聚维酮碘4 048 mg/L作用30 min,复方戊二醛806.4 mg/L作用1 h,对脊髓灰质炎病毒的灭活对数值均＞4.00;而强力碘、碘伏、碘酊、复方季铵盐类、复方氯己定等消毒剂对脊髓灰质炎病毒的灭活对数值均＜4.00.有机物浓度由10%上升至20%时,消毒剂作用15 min,灭活对数值下降0.62,作用30 min,灭活对数值下降0.63.结论高效及部分中效消毒剂对脊髓灰质炎病毒有较好的灭活效果,低效消毒剂对脊髓灰质炎病毒无灭活效果.有机物浓度增高可影响消毒剂对病毒的灭活效果.

Experimental study of efficacy of disinfectants in inactivation of virus

Objective To study the efficacy of disinfectants in inactivation of poliovirus and the influence of organic substance on the disinfection efficacy.Methods According to the appropriate concentration and action time of different disinfectants on the killing of microorganisms,tests and comparative study on the efficacy of disinfectants,such as chlorine-containing disinfectants(sodium hypochlorite,sodium trichloroisocynurate),peroxides,aldehydes disinfectants,iodine-containing disinfectants (strong iodine,iodophor,iodine tincture,povidone iodine),quaternary ammonium disinfectants,compound chlorhexidine,in inactivation of poliovirus were carried out.Results 400 mg/L sodium hypochlorite with a 15 minutes contact time,500 mg/L sodium trichloroisocynurate with a 15 minutes contact time,100 mg/L chlorine dioxide with a 10 minutes contact time,4 048 mg/L povidone iodine with a 30 minutes contact time and(806.4 mg/L) compound glutaraldehyde with a 1 hour contact time could inactivate poliovirus with a average inactivation logarithmic value(>4.00),inactivation logarithmic value of strong iodine,iodophor,iodine tincture,quaternary ammonium disinfectants and compound chlorhexidine were all(<4.00).When organic substance concentration rose from 10% to 20%,disinfection with a 15 and 30 minutes contact time could drop the inactivation logrithmic value by(0.62) and(0.63) respectively.Conclusion All the high-efficacy and some medium-efficacy disinfectants have good effect on inactivation of poliovirus,all the low-efficacy disinfectants did not have any effect on inactivating the poliovirus.The increase of organic substance concentration has influence on the effect of inactivating the poliovirus.