布拉酵母菌预防新生儿感染性肺炎继发腹泻的临床研究

目的 探讨布拉酵母菌预防新生儿感染性肺炎继发腹泻的临床疗效。方法 2012年2月—2014年2月延安市妇幼保健院收治的感染性肺炎新生儿108例，随机分为治疗组（54例）和对照组（54例）。两组患者均给予相应的抗生素治疗，同时给予补液、补充维生素等支持治疗。治疗组患儿在服用抗生素的同时给予口服布拉酵母菌，125 mg/次，2次/d。对两组出现腹泻的患儿均口服蒙脱石散，1.0 g/次，3次/d，并且补液，直至治愈。两组均持续治疗14 d。治疗后，对两组患儿的临床疗效进行评价，同时对其细胞免疫学指标进行检测。结果 治疗组和对照组的总有效率分别为94.44%、75.93%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗组腹泻的发生率为38.89%，对照组为61.11%；治疗组腹泻发生时间明显晚于对照组，每天腹泻次数少于对照组，腹泻的持续时间也明显短于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组的CD4⁺﹑CD4⁺/CD8⁺计数较治疗前显著升高；治疗组CD8⁺计数均较治疗前显著降低，治疗前后差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），治疗组这些观察指标与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 布拉酵母菌用于预防新生儿感染性肺炎继发腹泻具有良好的临床效果，能够提高机体的免疫力，值得临床推广应用。

Clinical study of Saccharomyces boulardii in prevention of secondary diarrhea caused by neonatal infectious pneumonia

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii in the prevention of secondary diarrhea caused by neonatal infectious pneumonia. Methods Patients with neonatal infectious pneumonia were randomly divided into control (54 cases) and treatment (54 cases) groups. All patients were given antibiotics and support treatment such as rehydration and vitamin. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with S. boulardii while taking antibiotics, 125 mg/time, twice daily. Patients with diarrhea in two groups were po administered with Montmorillonite Powder, 1.0 g/time, 3 times daily, and were given rehydration treatment until they were cured. Two groups were continuous treated for 14 d. After treatment, the treatment efficacy was evaluated, while the cellular immunological indexes were tested.Results The total effective rates of the treatment and control groups were 94.44% and 75.93%, respectively, with the significant difference between the two groups (P< 0.05). The incidence of diarrhea in treatment group was 38.89%, while that in the control group was 61.11%. In the treatment group, diarrhea occurred later than the control group, and the number of diarrhea per day in treatment group was less than that in the control group, while the duration of diarrhea in treatment group was also significantly shorter than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (P< 0.05). After treatment, CD4⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ of the treatment group increased, CD8⁺ decreased, with statistically significant difference before and after treatment (P< 0.05). Those detection indexes were compared with control group, and difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion S. boulardii has a good clinical efficacy in the prevention of secondary diarrhea caused by neonatal infectious pneumonia, and can improve immunity of patients, which is worthy of clinical application.