桦褐孔菌水提物的安全性评价研究

目的 研究桦褐孔菌Inonotus obliquus水提物的毒理学性质，探究其是否具有相关生理和生殖毒性。方法 急性毒性试验，ICR小鼠，一次ig给予桦褐孔菌水提物1.00、2.00、3.00、4.00、5.00 g/kg，连续观察14 d。30 d喂养试验，Wistar大鼠，每次ig给予桦褐孔菌水提物1.50、2.00、2.50 g/kg，连续给药30 d。小鼠精子畸形试验，ICR雄性小鼠，每次ig给予桦褐孔菌水提物1.00、2.50、5.00 g/kg，连续给药5 d，给药后第35天颈椎脱臼法处死实验小鼠，取双侧附睾制片，染色，统计精子畸形率。结果 急性毒性试验，实验组小鼠给药30 min后，静伏少动，背毛竖立，出现腹泻症状，无动物死亡，实验动物24 h后恢复正常。30 d喂养试验，受试动物体质量和食物利用率与对照组相比差异不显著。脏器系数、血常规和血液生化相关指标也在正常范围内波动。病理学检查未发现组织器官的明显病变。小鼠精子畸形试验，所有实验组的精子畸形率均显著低于环磷酰胺处理的阳性对照组，桦褐孔菌水提物5.00 g/kg组小鼠精子畸形率较对照组有上升趋势。结论 桦褐孔菌水提物未表现出明显的生理毒性，但在高剂量时可能具有一定的生殖毒性。

Safety evaluation of Inonotus obliquus water extracts

Objective To investigate the toxicity of Inonotus obliquus water extracts, and to further understand whether it they have the relative physiological and reproductive toxicity or not. Methods In the acute toxicity test (ATT), ICR mice were given I. obliquus water extracts at different concentration (1.00, 2.00, 3.00, 4.00, and 5.00 g/kg) by a single ig injection for 14 d, respectively. In the thirty-day feeding test (TDFT), Wistar rats were given I. obliquus water extracts at different concentration (1.50, 2.00, and 2.50 g/kg) by a daily ig injection for 30 d, respectively. In the mouse sperm abnormality test (MSAT), male ICR mice were were given I. obliquus water extracts at different concentration (1.00, 2.50, and 5.00 g/kg) by a daily ig injection for 5 d. Mice were killed on day 35 by cervical dislocation after I. obliquus water extracts injection. Bilateral epididymidis of mice were removed and sheets were produced to calculate the rate of sperm deformity by staining. Results ATT: Mice showed symptoms of decreased activities, erected hair and diarrhea after the administration for 30 min in I. obliquus water extract groups. No mice died during the whole experimental period. And the mice could recover from the toxic condition within 24 h. TDFT: There was no significant difference observed in the weight and food utilization between I. obliquus water extract groups and the control group. The organ index and blood biochemistry analysis were also within the normal range. There was no abnormal phenomenon observed in the histopathological analysis. MSAT: The rate of sperm deformity of the I. obliquus water extract groups was significantly decreased compared with that of the positive control group. The rate of sperm deformity was increased in 5.00 g/kg I. obliquus water extract group compared with that in the control group.Conclusion I. obliquus water extracts have no significant physiological toxicity, but may have a reproductive toxicity at high concentration.