广州市办公大楼集中空调通风系统卫生状况分析

目的了解广州市办公大楼集中空调通风系统卫生状况，为制定相应的防制对策提供依据。方法参照卫生部WS394—2012〈〈公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》的要求，对广州市政府机构、商务大厦、政务中心等不同类型办公大楼的集中空调通风系统进行卫生状况调查。结果共调查办公大楼25家。商务大厦集中空调通风系统的卫生状况较差，空调送风中细菌总数合格率为48．00％、真菌总数合格率为66．OO％，细菌总数、真菌总数的最高浓度分别超出《卫生规范》中所规定限值的9倍、4倍以上。而政府机构和政务中心的卫生状况相对较好；空调送风中细菌总数合格率为59．20％、真菌总数合格率为76．00％，分别低于风管内表面细菌总数和真菌总数的合格率，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），β-溶血性链球菌未检出；冷却水嗜肺军团菌检出率为48．00％，冷凝水嗜肺军团菌检出率为8．OO％。结论封闭式办公大楼集中空调通风系统卫生状况不容乐观，而针对封闭式大楼的办公环境制订一系列相应的国家卫生标准，应引起有关部门的重视和考虑，建议将办公大楼纳入公共场所卫生监督部门的监管范围。

Analysis on Hygienic Status of Centralized Air Ventilation System in Office Buildings,Guangzhou City

Objective To understand the hygienic status of centralized air ventilation system in Guangzhou office build- ings,so as to provide the basis for making relevant measures. Methods According to the Hygienic specification of central air conditioning ventilation system in public buildings, sanitary condition were evaluated in different governmental agencies,commercial office building and government affairs center. Results A total of 25 office buildings were investi- gated. Commercial office buildings were in poor sanitary condition, the qualified rates of the total bacterial count and total fungal count were 48.00% and 66.00% respectively in the wind supply system. And the detected maximum concentration of total bacterial count and total fungal count were nine times and four times higher than the guidelines. Governmental a- gencies and government affairs center were in better sanitary condition, its qualified rates of the total bacterial count and total fungal count were 59.20% and 76.00% ,which were both lower than the qualified rate detected in duet＇s internal sur- face （ P d0.05）,and no fl-Streptococcus haemolyticus was detected. The detecting rate of Legionella Pneumophila was 48.00G in cooling water and 8.00% in condensate. Conclusion Office buildings are in poor sanitary condition, thus more attention should be paid to making the national hygienic standard of office buildings,and strengthening the supervision.