广东省不同类型地区小儿川崎病流行病学调查研究

目的 了解广东地区小儿川崎病发病情况、分布及流行特征。方法 采用广东省统一制作的调查表寄发至全省有儿科病床的县、市级以上医院儿科，对1995年1月1日～1999年12月31日5年间住院的川崎病病人进行登记调查。结果 调查表回收率为71．2％，5年间共报道患儿537例，5岁以下儿童发病率为5．93/10万；男性发病明显多于女性，男女之比为2．23：1；发病年龄在2岁以下者占51．8％，4岁以下占75．6％，以4—6月份为发病高峰，9一12月份发病最少；广州、深圳、珠江三角洲地区为川崎病高发区，其他地区发病率较低。在537例中发生心脏后遗症75例，发生率为14．0％；死亡l例，死亡率为0．2％。结论 广东省川崎病发病率高于我国江苏省和陕西省，但低于日本，发病趋势及分布特点与日本，我国江苏省和陕西省类似。发病率以经济发达地区较高，而经济较差地区则较低，这可能与对该疾病的认识和诊断水平有关。

Epidemilogic Survey on Kawasaki Disease in Guangdong Province/Guangdong Provincial Kawasaki Disease Study Group

OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Kawasaki Disease (KD) in Guangdong Province, China during 5 year - period from January 1995 to December 1999. METHODS A province - wide epidemiological survey on Kawasaki Disease was made by Guangdong Provincial Kawasaki Disease Study Group. The questionnaire form and the diagnostic criteria of KD which was prepared by the Japan Kawasaki Disease Research Committee and translated into Chinese were sent to the departments of pediatrics of all the hospitals of county level. All the KD patients who were diagnosed during the observation period from 1995 to 1999 were required to be reported. The databases of reported KD in this survey were analyzed with computer. RESULTS A total of 111(71.2%) hospitals responded and 537 cases of KD were confirmed. The incidence rate was 5.93 per 100 000 children less than 5 years old in Guangdong Province of total patients reported, 51.8% were younger than 2 years old and 75.6% were younger than 4 years old with male to female ratio of 2.23:1. The number of patients with Kawasaki disease was higher during April to June every year in Guangdong Province and lower during October to December. Areas of the highest incidence rate were found in Guangzhou and Shenzhen and next were pearl river delta, the incidence rate in the other area of Guangdong was the lowest. The proportion of patients with cardiac sequelae was 75 cases (14.0% ) . There were 1 fatal case with a fatality rate of 0.2 % . CONCLUSION The incidence rate of KD in Guangdong was higher than that in Jiangsu and Shanxi and obviously lower than that in Japan. As similar to Japan , Jiangsu and Shanxi in epidemiologic patterns and distribution feature. Areas of the highest incidence rate were found in good economic status and the incidence rate in difficult economic status was lower.