Genetic analysis of HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form 02_AG, B and C subtype-specific envelope sequences from Northern India and their predicted co-receptor usage |
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Authors: | Ujjwal Neogi Vikas Sood Arpita Chowdhury Shukla Das Vishnampettai G Ramachandran Vijesh K Sreedhar Ajay Wanchu Nilanjana Ghosh Akhil C Banerjea |
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Institution: | (1) Virology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, 110067, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India;(2) Microbiology Department, UCMS and GTB Hospital, 110095 Delhi, India;(3) Department of Internal Medicine, PGIMER, Sector 12, 160012 Chandigarh, India |
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Abstract: | HIV-1 epidemic in India is largely driven by subtype C but other subtypes or recombinants have also been reported from several
states of India. This is mainly due to the co-circulation of other genetic subtypes that potentially can recombine to generate
recombinant/mosaic genomes. In this study, we report detail genetic characterization of HIV-1 envelope sequences from North
India (Delhi and neighboring regions). Six of 13 were related to subtype C, one B and the rest six showed relatedness with
CRF02_AG strain. The subtype C possessed the highly conserved GPGQ motif but subtype B possessed the GPGR motif in the V3
loop as observed earlier. While most of the sequences suggested CCR5 co-receptor usage, one subtype C sample clearly indicated
CXCR4 usage. A successful mother to child transmission was established in two pairs. Thus, co-circulation of multiple subtypes
(B and C) and the recombinant CRF02_AG strains in North India suggests a rapidly evolving scenario of HIV-1 epidemic in this
region with impact on vaccine formulation. Since this is the first report of CRF02_AG envelope from India, it will be important
to monitor the spread of this strain and its impact on HIV-1 transmission in India. |
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