1425份疑似麻疹病例血清学检测结果分析

目的 对2012 - 2016年玉林市1 425份疑似麻疹病例血清检测情况进行详细回顾性分析，了解该地区麻疹流行特点，为防治麻疹目标提供科学、准确的依据。方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）对玉林市辖区2012 - 2016年报告疑似麻疹血清标本进行IgM抗体检测，对结果进行统计分析。结果 2012 - 2016年玉林市共检测疑似麻疹病例1 425例，检出麻疹IgM抗体阳性374例,阳性率26.25%（347/1 425）； 2013年、2014年麻疹IgM抗体阳性分别是29.85%、39.12%，明显高于其他年份。出诊后4～7 d的血液标本检出麻疹IgM抗体阳性率最高。麻疹主要分布在6岁以下年龄组，占总数87.70%，其中8～18月龄人群最高，占37.75%，≤8月龄其次，占35.37%，不同年龄组抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义。博白县和玉林主城区玉州区占全市麻疹病例的60.70%。男性麻疹IgM阳性率比女性高，性别分布差异有统计学意义。麻疹发病时间出现高峰4 - 6月。有明确免疫史的疑似麻疹病例IgM抗体阳性率明显低于无免疫史和免疫史不详的病例。结论 麻疹常规免疫存在漏种及母体胎传抗体滴度达不到保护水平导致2013年、2014年麻疹病例明显增多，对适龄儿童及时有效接种麻疹疫苗是消除麻疹的最主要手段；婴幼儿在麻疹流行季节尽量不去人员密集的公共场所，避免感染麻疹病毒；医疗机构应在麻疹高发期加强防控工作。

Analysis of serologic testing data about 1 425 suspected case of measles

Objective The study aimed to retrospectively analyze 1 425 suspected cases of measles in detail which come from Yulin between 2012 and 2016. To understand the epidemic features of measles in this region and provide scientific and accurate basis for the goal of measles control. Methods The ELISA method was used to detect IgM antibody of the serum which came from the suspected case of measles between 2012 and 2016 in Yulin Municipal District, then the statistical method was used to analyse the results. Results A total of 1 425 suspected cases of measles in Yulin and 374 cases were found the IgM antibody of measles, the positive rate was 26.25%(347/1425). The positive rate was 29.85% and 39.12%, respectively between 2013 and 2014, which obvious higher than other years. Eruption onset after 4 to 7 days the special IgM antibody positive rate of the serum sample was significantly high. The measles most distributed on the under 6-year-old group, it accounted for 87.70% special IgM antibody positive rate. Thereinto, the age group of 8 to 18 months had the most special IgM antibody positive rate, it accounted for 37.75%, and the special IgM antibody positive rate of the under 8 months old group was accounted for 35.37%, the positive rate of the special IgM antibody significant difference between different years old groups. the measles cases of Bobai county and the Yuzhou District of Yulin city accounted for 60.70%. The positive rate of the special IgM antibody also significant difference between the male and female, male higher than the female. April to June were the peer time of measles occur. The positive rate of measles special IgM antibody of the person who had measles immunization history was obvious lower than the person who didn’t measles immunization history. Conclusion Loophole exist in the routine immunization and the titer of embryo passes on antibody didn’t enough led to measles case were on the rise between 2013 and 2014. Measles vaccination of the school age children is the most important way to eliminate measles.In the season of measles epidemic, infants and children should avoid crowded public places to avoid catching measles virus.Medical establishment also need to work hard to control the infection of measles.