凉山州部分居民慢性病相关生活方式和行为习惯的调查

目的 了解四川省凉山彝族自治州彝族和汉族成年人慢性病患病情况，及其生活方式和行为习惯，为慢性病预防提供参考依据。方法 2014年7月-2016年2月采用分层整群抽样的方法，对凉山州18岁以上的3188名常住居民进行横断面调查。结果 本研究共纳入分析3127人，875例罹患慢性病，患病率为29%；凉山州调查对象的现在吸烟率为33.9%，彝族为34.5%，汉族为33.0%；被动吸烟率为73.1%，彝族为72.2%，汉族为74.5%；饮酒率为52.0%，彝族为51.1%，汉族为53.7%；有害饮酒率为11.0%，彝族为10.1%，汉族为12.5%。汉族居民每天进餐≥3次、经常吃早餐、经常吃宵夜、经常吃火锅的比例高于彝族居民，彝族居民经常喝肉汤、经常吃冷食的比例高于汉族，汉族居民体育锻炼率高于彝族，差异均有统计学意义。结论 凉山州彝族和汉族成年人慢性病相关的健康问题不容忽视，吸烟、饮酒问题突出，严重缺乏体育锻炼，膳食不合理等问题严重，应针对不同人群的生活行为方式采取干预措施。

Chronic non-communicable diseases related to lifestyle and behaviour in part residents,Liangshan

Objective To understand the chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) related lifestyle and behaviour among Yi and Han people in Liangshan Yi nationality autonomous prefecture, Sichuan. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used in this cross-sectional survey and 3,188 residents (≥18 years old) of the Liangshan region were selected. Results 3,127 adults were included in the analysis, 875 (29%) of them were suffered from chronic diseases. The current smoking rate in Liangshan region was 33.9%, 34.5% for Yi people and 33.0% for Han people. The passive smoking rate was 73.1%, 72.2% for Yi people and 74.5% for Han people. The drinking alcohol rate was 52.0%, 51.1% for Yi people and 53.7% for Han people. The harmful drinking alcohol rate was 11.0%, 10.1% for Yi people and 12.5% for Han people. The rate of unhealthy dietary habits and physical exercise among Han people was statistically higher than that of Yi people (P<0.05). Conclusion The related risk factors such as smoking, alcohol drinking, unreasonable diet and inadequate physical activity exist in Yi and Han residents. The NCD related health problems in the Liangshan region should not be ignored, and various intervention measures should be taken according to the different groups.