陕西省市售食用油植物性食用油中邻苯二甲酸酯的污染状况及暴露评估

目的 了解2012-2016年陕西省市售植物性食用油中邻苯二甲酸酯的污染状况，评估通过摄入植物性食用油中邻苯二甲酸酯的膳食暴露量，对陕西省居民的人体健康风险进行评估。方法 从陕西省十个地市按照分层随机采样，以当地品牌为主。侧重二级、三级油，均为塑料桶包装，共采集287份样品。采用气相色谱-质谱联用法对植物性食用油中邻苯二甲酸酯进行检测。结果 287份植物性食用油中18种塑化剂，总检出率为64.46%，总超标率为37.63%。检出率较高的是DBP、DEHP、DIBP和DMP，分别为59.58%、58.54%、33.10%、15.33%。DBP的超标率为37.28%，最大值为15.6 mg/kg，比限值高出52倍。DEHP的超标率为0.70%，最大值为1.67mg/kg。结论 从评估结果显示，DEHP和DBP的平均日暴露值分别为0.000174mg/kg和0.000603mg/kg，健康风险指数（HI）分别为0.00348和0.0603。表明摄入陕西市售植物性食用油对成人健康的风险较低。

Pollution status and exposure assessment of Phthalates in vegetable oil sold,Shaanxi

Objective To investigate the pollution status of the phthalates (PAEs) in vegetable oil sold in Shaanxi Province from 2012 to 2016, and to assess the dietary intake of PAEs and the health risk for Shaanxi residents. Methods According to the stratified sampling method and focusing on local brands, 10 cities in Shaanxi Province were selected as monitoring areas. 287 portions of vegetable oil of two and three grades packing in plastic barrels were collected, and PAEs in the samples were detected by the GC-MS method. Results The total detection rate of 18 kinds of PAEs in 287 portions of vegetable oil samples was 64.46%, with 37.63% exceeding the national standard limits. The detection rates of DBP, DEHP, DIBP and DMP were 59.58%, 58.54%, 33.10% and 15.33%, respectively. The over standard rate of DBP was 37.28%, with the highest concentration of 15.6 mg/kg, which was52 times higher than the limit. The over standard rate of DEHP was 0.70%, and its highest concentration was 1.67 mg/kg. Conclusion The risk assessment result shows that the average daily exposure of DEHP and DBP are 0.000174 mg/kg and 0.000603 mg/kg, and the health risk indexes (HI) are 0.00348 and 0.0603, respectively, which shows that the health risk of taking in vegetable oil sold in Shanxi Province is low.