安阳市居民健康素养现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解安阳市居民健康素养水平及其影响因素，为以后有目的地开展健康教育工作提供依据，为评价工作效果提供参照。方法 采用分层多阶段随机抽样法，抽取46个乡（镇、办事处），92个村（居委会）的3680名15～69岁常住居民进行问卷调查，用于分析的有效问卷3663份。结果 安阳市居民健康素养水平为10.68%；基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为和基本技能的素养水平分别为26.63%，8.82%，14.48%；科学健康观、传染病防治、慢性病防治、安全与急救、基本医疗和健康信息的素养水平分别为29.63%、17.03%、9.18%、51.71%、15.86%、16.93%。多因素分析结果显示影响安阳市居民健康素养水平的关键因素是城乡、文化程度和职业。结论 安阳市居民健康素养水平较低，今后要对农村居民、农民、低文化程度者等重点人群，慢性病防治等重点领域有针对性地开展活动。

Status of health literacy and influencing factors among residents in Anyang

Objective To understand the level of health literacy and its influencing factors of residents in Anyang city, and to provide basis for carrying out health education work and evaluating work effects in the future. Methods Multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted, and 3680 permanent residents aged 15~69 years from 46 townships (town, office) and 92 villages (neighborhood) were investigated. Then 3663 questionnaires were used to analyze. Results The health literacy level was 10.68% among Anyang residents. The health literacy levels of basic knowledge and concept, health related skills, healthy lifestyle and behaviors were 26.63%, 14.48% and 8.82%, respectively. The 6 class health literacy levels of science attitude towards health, infectious disease prevention, chronic disease prevention, safety and first aid, basic medical care, health information were 29.63%, 17.03%, 9.18%,51.71%, 15.86%,16.93%, respectively. Multivariate analysis results showed that urban and rural areas, education level and occupation were the important factors affecting the health literacy level of residents in Anyang city. Conclusion The health literacy level of Anyang city residents is low. In the future, residents in rural areas, farmers, and those with low level of education are the key population. Prevention and control of chronic diseases prevention is the key area to carry out targeted activities.