合肥某区成人尿碘与甲状腺结节流行状况的相关性研究

目的　了解合肥某区成人甲状腺结节患病情况及碘营养状况，分析其影响因素，探讨尿碘与甲状腺结节流行状况的相关性。方法　对包河区2431例常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查、甲状腺超声检测，并留取尿样行尿碘检测；根据地区、性别、年龄等分组，计算甲状腺结节检出率及尿碘水平并进行分析。结果　2431例调查对象，甲状腺结节检出率9.87%，尿碘中位数207.35 ug/L。不同地区甲状腺结节检出率差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,尿碘差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；不同性别甲状腺结节检出率及尿碘差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；随年龄增长，甲状腺结节检出率升高，尿碘下降（P<0.05）；文化经济水平低者甲状腺结节检出率高，尿碘偏低（P<0.05）；多因素logistic 回归分析显示城市地区、女性、老年、轻度食盐习惯、经常吸烟是发生甲状腺结节的独立危险因素。结论　包河区居民碘营养状况基本处于足量水平，甲状腺结节检出率较低，甲状腺结节和碘缺乏均易发生于经济文化水平偏低、老年女性人群，故有必要针对不同人群进行科学补碘。

Correlation between urinary iodine and the prevalence of thyroid nodules in one region,Hefei

Objective　To understand the prevalence of adult thyroid nodules and their iodine nutritional status in Baohe District of Hefei, to analyze the influencing factors of the detection rate of thyroid nodules and the level of urinary iodine, and to explore the correlation between urinary iodine and the prevalence of thyroid nodules. [WTHZ]Methods　Questionnaire survey, physical examination and thyroid ultrasonography were performed on 2431 residents in Baohe District, and urine samples were collected for urinary iodine detection. The thyroid nodules detection rate and urinary iodine level were calculated, and then the effect of various factors such as region, gender and age was analyzed. [WTHZ]Results　The survey of 2431 residents showed that the detection rate of thyroid nodules was 9.87%, and the median urinary iodine was 207.35μg/L. There was a significant difference in the detection rate of thyroid nodules between rural and urban (P<0.05), but the level of urinary iodine had no significant difference (P>0.05). The detection rate of thyroid nodules and the level of urinary iodine had statistical significance between males and females (P<0.05). With the increase of age, the detection rate of thyroid nodules increased and urine iodine decreased (P<0.05). The lower the culture and economic level, the higher the detection rate of thyroid nodules and the lower the level of urinary iodine (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that urban residents, women, elderly people, mild salt habits and regular smoking were independent risk factors to thyroid nodules occur. [WTHZ]Conclusion　The iodine nutrition status of residents in Baohe District is basically at a sufficient level, and the thyroid nodules detection rate is low. Both thyroid nodules and iodine deficiency are likely to occur in the low economic and cultural levels and the elderly female population. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out scientific iodine supplementation for different groups of people.