上海市浦东新区COPD患病率及其环境行为因素

目的 了解浦东新区COPD患病率及其相关环境行为因素，为新区COPD防治提供支持。方法 通过横断面调查设计，采用集中问卷调查和肺功能检查获取2016年40岁及以上社区居民患病率，运用Logistic回归分析相关影响因素。结果 COPD患病粗率为5.69%（标化率4.67%）。与COPD患病相关环境行为因素有吸烟（≥200 000支 VS 从不吸烟:OR = 1.908,95%CI:1.365～2.668，1～199 999支 VS从不吸烟:OR = 1.420,95%CI:1.003～2.011）、从事过的工作觉得胸闷、气喘或呼吸困难（OR = 2.339,95%CI:1.482～3.692）、儿童时期肺炎（OR = 2.120, 95%CI:1.346～3.338）、居住在人均面积小于30 m2房屋的年限（≥40年VS＜10年:OR = 1.539,95%CI:1.159～2.044）、BMI指数（OR = 0.908,95%CI:0.874～0.944）。结论 浦东新区COPD患病率低于全国水平，应重视早期筛查避免漏诊误诊，加强控烟及改善居民居住、工作环境有利于控制COPD的发生。

Prevalence of COPD and its association with environmental behavior factors in Pudong New District in Shanghai

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of COPD in Pudong New District and its related environmental behavioral factors, and provide support for the prevention and treatment of COPD. Methods Cross-sectional survey, questionnaire survey and spirometry were used to obtain the COPD prevalence, and logistic regression was used to analyze the relevant factors. Results The crude prevalence of COPD was 5.69% (the standard prevalence was 4.67%). The environmental behavioral factors associated with COPD were smoke (≥200000 VS never smoke: OR=1.908, 95%CI: 1.365-2.668, 1-199999 VS never smoke: OR=1.420, 95%CI: 1.003-2.011), the work associated with tightness feeling, breathless or difficult to breathe (OR=2.339, 95%CI: 1.482-3.692), childhood pneumonia (OR=2.120, 95%CI: 1.346-3.338), the time of living in the house that the per capita area <30m2 (≥40yrs.VS <10yrs, OR=1.539, 95%CI: 1.159-2.044), and BMI (OR=0.908, 95%CI: 0.874-0.944). Conclusion The prevalence of COPD in Pudong New District was lower than the national level. More attentions should be paid to early screening to avoid misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. Strengthen tobacco control and improve residents’ living and working environment are conducive to the control of COPD.