鼓室成形术治疗慢性化脓性中耳炎的疗效分析

目的探讨慢性化脓性中耳炎鼓室成形术的可行性和疗效。方法对33例单侧慢性化脓性中耳炎患者在恢复咽鼓管功能、清除病变的同时行鼓室成形术，随访观察近期及远期疗效。结果33例患者中，3例术腔填塞时有耳鸣，取出填塞物后即恢复正常。术后2周去除外耳道填塞物后，27例移植片色泽正常，生长好，4例血液供应稍差，2例移植片下缘有裂隙，经对症处理后，移植物全部存活。随访至术后1年，鼓膜生长良好28例，占85％；2例半年后再发生鼓膜穿孔，但鼓室内干燥；1例移植的鼓膜穿孔后再流脓；1例移植物内陷，经咽鼓管吹张后好转；1例鼓膜内陷较明显，听力无改善。术后1年纯音测听语频区气骨导差较术前平均缩小10dB者9例，占27％；缩小15—20dB者14例，占42％；缩小25～30dB者6例，占18％；无变化4例，占12％。结论慢性化脓性中耳炎可行鼓室成形术。彻底清除病变，恢复中耳通气功能，加强抗感染，正确放置移植物并防止其感染；避免不愈合及胆脂瘤形成，是手术成功的关键。

The clinical observations of tympanoplasty in treatment of chronic otitis suppurative media

Objective To discuss the feasibility and curative effect of tympanoplasty for chronic suppurative otitis media. Methods Thirty-three cases of chronic suppurative otitis media in the period of infection had infected tissue removed and the Eustachian tube restored during tympanoplasty. The short-and long-term curative effects were observed by follow-up visit. Results Among the 33 cases, 3 cases are found tinnitus during tamponading the cavity during operation and normal state resumeed after the tampons were taken out. 2 weeks after operation, tampons were taken out of the acoustic duct and the transplants in 27cases showed normal color and growth. 4 cases had low Blood-supply. 2 cases showed bottom margin crevices. All the transplants were maintained after therapy. The follow-up showed that the tympanums in 28 cases grew well(85% ). Perforation of ear drum recurred in 2 cases 6 months after-wards. 1 case with the transplanted tympanum perforated and suppurated again. The transplant invaginated in 1 case but get better after inflating the eustachian tube. 1 case had relative severe tympanum invaginating and didn't show acoustic sensibility recovery. 1 year after operation, the tympanic membranes of 28 ears were normal. Among 33 ca-ses, the air bone gap in 9 patients was improved 10dB HL. 14 ears were improved from 15 to 20 dB HL, 6 ears were improved from 25 to 30 dB HL. 4 cases showed no change. Conclusion Tympanoplasty can be performed in pa-tients with chronic suppurative otitis media in the period of infection. The complete removal of diseased tissue, pla-cing the transplant precisely, preventing formation of cholesteatoma and restoring the eustachian tube function are key factors to successful operation