大学生人际关系、应对方式与自我和谐的关系

目的 了解地方高校大学生人际关系、应对方式和自我和谐的关系,为大学生心理健康教育提供依据.方法 使用大学生人际关系问卷、应对方式问卷和自我和谐量表,在4所地方高校采用分层随机抽样方法 对1471名大学生进行问卷调查,所有数据应用SPSS15.0进行统计处理.结果 (1)男大学生在人际关系总分、自我和谐总分得分(9.88±5.51)分,(93.29±13.48)分]显著高于女大学生(8.84±5.11)分,(90.09±12.60)分;大四学生在人际关系总分、自我和谐总分得分(10.26±5.89)分,(96.79±12.93)分]显著高于其他年级;工科生在人际关系总分、自我和谐总分得分(10.26±5.86)分,(93.57±12.83)分]显著高于其他专业的学生;在应对方式的各因素上,存在显著的性别、年级、专业的差异(P＜0.01).(2)大学生人际关系、应对方式与自我和谐各因素之间存在显著相关(P＜0.01).(3)人际关系总分、自责、解决问题、合理化、幻想、退避、求助、年级对自我和谐有较好的预测作用.结论 大学生人际关系、应对方式对自我和谐具有一定的影响,良好的人际关系和积极灵活的应对方式,可促进自我和谐和心理健康.

Relationship among interpersonal relationship, coping style, self consistency and congruence for college students

Objective To provide evidence for the education on sychological health for the undergraduates by analyzing the relationship among interpersonal relationship, coping style, self consistency and congruence of local college students. Methods uestionnaires about interpersonal relationship, coping style, and self consis tency and congruence have been carried out on a stratified random sample of 1471 students from four local colle ges. And all the data of the questionnaire scales will be dealt with by the software SPSS15.0. Results ①Total scores on interpersonal relationship and self consistency and congruence of male college students( (9.88 ±5.51 );(93.29 ± 13.48 ) respectively) were much higher than the scores of the female college students ( ( 8.84 ± 5.11 );(90.09 ± 12.60) respectively). Total scores of the above two items for the seniors( ( 10.26 ± 5.89 ); ( 96.79 ±12.93) respectively) were obviously higher than the total scores of students of other grades. For the engineering students, whose total scores on the two items( ( 10.26 ±5.86); (93.57 ± 12.83 ) respectively) were remarkably higher than the scores of students of other majors. Regarding the various factors of coping style, there are signifi cant differences in gender, grade and major( P ＜ 0. 01 ). ②Concerning the college students, there were conspicu ous relationship among their interpersonal relationship, coping style, self consistency and congruence ( P ＜ 0.01 ). ③ Self consistency and congruence could be effectively predicted by factors, i.e. total score of interpersonai rela tionship, remorse, problem-solving, rationalizing, fantasy, recoil, help-seeking and grade. Conclusion College students' ability of self consistency and congruence is affected by their coping style and interpersonal relationship. To improve the individual' s ability of self consistency and congruence and the condition of their psychological health, the most effective way is to cultivate the capability on interpersonal communication and apply the positively flexible coping style.