乳突导静脉管的HRCT表现

目的:评估正常成人乳突导静脉管的出现情况、形态特征及其与邻近血管的关系。方法:分析符合纳入标准的受检者影像资料220例(440侧)。其中男113例,女107例,年龄18～61岁。所有图像均通过64层CT容积扫描骨算法重建,传输至Extended BrillianceTM Workspace(EBW)工作站,重建横断面图像,观察并测量其内口直径。结果:正常成人乳突导静脉管出现率约51.82%(228侧)。不同侧别间乳突导静脉管出现率差异无统计学意义(P男=0.183,P女=0.285)。男性乳突导静脉管的出现率较女性高(P=0.001)。脑静脉回流优势侧乳突导静脉管的出现率较对侧高(P=0.026)。颈静脉球窝高位侧乳突导静脉管的出现率较无高位侧高(P=0.013)。成人乳突导静脉管中Ⅰ型最为常见,出现率约43.64%,Ⅱ型占3.18%,Ⅲ型占0.91%,Ⅳ型占2.95%,V型约1.14%。男性乳突导静脉内口直径平均约(3.01±1.08)mm,女性平均约(2.61±0.87)mm。男性乳突导静脉内口直径较女性大,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.013)。结论:乳突导静脉管在不同个体间有较大变异,HRCT可清晰显示其形态以评估颅内外静脉引流情况。

The mastoid emissary vein canal on high-resolution CT

Objective： To assess visibility and morphology of the mastoid emissary vein canal （MEVC） and its relationship with adjacent vessels on high-resolution CT （HRCT）. Methods： CT images of 220 patients （440 sides） were analyzed for the detection of the MEVC. One hundred and thirteen males and one hundred and seven females were included range from 18 to 61 years old. All images were obtained using 64-slice spiral CT scanner, delivered to the Extended BrillianceTM Workspace （EBW, Phillips） and reconstructed with bone algorithm. Axial images were reconstructed to evaluate visibility and morphology of the MEVC. The diameters of their inner openning were measured twice by two practised radiologists. Results： The MEVC was seen in 51.82% （228 sides） of adult human. There was no significant difference between the left and right sides （Pmale 0. 183, Pfemale= 0. 285）. Significant differences did exist in groups between males and females （P= 0. 001）, between the dominant and non-dominant sides of encephalic venous drainage （P=0. 026）, between the high and non high jugular bulb sides （ P =0. 013）, respectively. In the classification of MEVC in adults, type Ⅰ was seen as 43.64%, type Ⅲ as 3.18%, type Ⅲ as 0.91%, type Ⅳ as 2.95% and type V as 1.14%. The mean diameter was （3.01±1.08） mm in males and （2.61±0.87） mm in females. There was significant difference in diameter between males and females （P = 0. 003）. Conclusion： There are complicated variations in the mastoid emissary vein canal in individuals which can be well identified on HRCT to evaluate the intra-and extracranial venous drainage.