应用临床流行病学调查方法提取抑郁症的中医证候主、次症状

目的探讨抑郁症中医证候特征，明确各证候的症状构成，为新药临床试验中中医证候辨证标准中主、次症的确定提供参考，为构建辨证方法体系提供依据。方法采用临床流行病学调查方法，通过对我院2005年9月至11月间连续就诊的门诊或住院抑郁症患者100例进行中医证候信息采集，并将这些信息统计处理得出抑郁症常见证型及其症状构成。结果抑郁症肝气郁结证的主症为精神抑郁、神疲、急躁易怒、失眠多梦、神情淡漠；次症为心悸、叹息、胸闷气短、健忘、悲伤欲哭。同样，肝郁脾虚证的主症为精神抑郁、神疲、烦躁不安、失眠多梦、神情淡漠；次症为心悸、胸闷不舒、健忘、悲观、倦怠乏力。两证型的症状积分总分值均在15分到30分之间。结论通过对抑郁症患者的流行病学横断面调查，得出了此病常见证型的症状构成及各症状的发生率。抑郁症肝气郁结证和肝郁脾虚证这两个最常见的证型中，除存在一些共同具备的症状，如精神抑郁、烦躁、面色异常等，还存在各自证型具有的一些独特症状，肝气郁结证中有急躁易怒、叹息、气短、悲伤欲哭等肝郁症状，而肝郁脾虚证则有乏力等脾虚症状，这些不同症状作为证型的次症构成可能更能体现该证型的特征。

Extraction of Major and Minor Symptoms of TCM Syndrome of Depression in Clinical Epidemiology Survey Methodology

Objective To investigate the characteristics of TCM syndrome of Depression and make clear symptoms of each syndrome to provide reference for building a system of dialectical method. Methods TCM syndrome information of 100 cases of Depression patients was collected through clinical epidemiological investigation methods,from patients in hospital in September 2005 until November 2005, and then statistical treatment was given to get common syndromes of Depression and the symptom constitution of syndromes. Results The major symptoms of liver stagnation Syndrome of depression are mental depression, mental fatigue, impatient irritability, insomnia and more dreams, looked indifferent; minor symptoms are palpitation, sigh, chest tightness, shortness of breath, forgetfulness, grief. Similarly, the symptoms of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency Syndrome are depression, mental fatigue, irritability, insomnia and more dreams, looked indifferent; minor symptoms are palpitation, chest tightness, forgetful, pessimistic, weak burnout. Total scores of the two syndromes is between 15 to 30. Conclusion Symptom constitute of common syndromes and the incidence of symptoms of the disease is reached through epidemiologieal cross - sectional study. Except common symptoms of the syndromes like depression, irritability, abnormal face, there are unique symptoms of each own, which may better show the characteristics of the disease.