探讨个体化营养管理与集体宣教讲课对妊娠期糖尿病患者的管理作用#br#

目的探讨个体化营养管理与集体宣教讲课两种方式对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者的管理作用。方法选取首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院2017年7月至2019年10月收治的GDM患者108例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(54例,集体宣教讲课)和研究组(54例,个体化营养管理)。对比两组患者治疗后体质量指数(BMI)、体重增长、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、新生体重有无区别,对比两组治疗后的营养状况[血清白蛋白(Alb)、血清前白蛋白(PA)、血红蛋白(HBG)],对比两组母体及围产儿的妊娠结局情况。结果两组治疗后BMI、体重增长、新生儿体重差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组治疗后糖化血红蛋白差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且研究组糖化血红蛋白低于对照组;治疗后两组血清Alb、PA、HBG无明显区别(P>0.05);研究组母体及围产儿妊娠不良结局的发生率与对照组相比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论相比单纯集体宣教讲课,个体化饮食指导及管理可显著增加患者的依从性,更好地控制GDM血糖水平。

Effect of individual nutrition management and group education on the management of gestational diabetes Mellitus

Objective?To explore the effect of individualized nutrition management and group education on the management of gestational diabetes Mellitus (GDM). Methods?A total of 108 patients with GDM admitted to our hospital from July 2017 to October 2019 were divided into control group (54 cases, group education) and study group (54 cases, individual nutrition management) according to the random table method. After treatment, there was no difference in body mass index (BMI), weight gain, glycated hemoglobin, and neonatal weight between the two groups. After treatment, nutritional status [ALB, serum prealbumin (PA), hemoglobin (HBG)], maternal and perinatal pregnancy outcomes were compared between two groups. Result?There was no significant difference in BMI, weight gain and neonatal weight between the two groups (P>0.05). The glycated hemoglobin of the study group was lower than that of the control group, with significant difference (P＜0.05). After treatment, there was no significant difference in Serum Alb, PA and HBG between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome between two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion?Compared to group teaching, individual diet instruction and management can significantly increase patients’ compliance and give a better control of blood glucose level of GDM patients.