乌鲁木齐市某区吸毒人群HIV、HCV、梅毒感染状况及行为学调查

目的：了解乌鲁木齐市吸毒人员对艾滋病知识的知晓情况、危险行为及 HIV、HCV、梅毒感染状况，为制定预防措施提供科学依据。方法调取2012年4-6月乌鲁木齐某区 CDC艾滋病哨点监测数据，对360名吸毒人员的人口学基本特征、艾滋病防治知识知晓情况、性行为及安全套使用、吸毒行为、商业性性行为、就医行为、艾滋病干预服务情况进行调查，并检测 HIV、HCV和梅毒感染情况。结果360名吸毒人员艾滋病知识的知晓率达97．9％，文化程度越高其艾滋病知晓率越高（χ趋势^2＝4．794，P ＝0．029）。曾经有注射吸毒史者占76．9％，共用针具吸毒者占40．8％（113/277）。有效应答者中13．1％（47/358）承认有过性交易，其中每次性交易都使用安全套者占57．4％。360名吸毒人员 HIV感染率为16．1％，HCV感染率为67．5％，梅毒感染率为2．2％。有注射吸毒史者感染 HIV和 HCV的危险分别是未注射吸毒者的5．5（1．8，17．1）倍和2．3（1．7，3．1）倍（P ＜0．01）；共用注射针具者感染 HIV的危险是不共用注射针具者的2．2（1．3，3．5）倍（P ＜0．01）。结论吸毒人员艾滋病知晓率高，但危险行为的发生率并未下降，“知信行脱节”是吸毒人群中 HIV、HCV、梅毒感染状况严重的重要原因。

Prevalence of HIV,HCV and syphilis and associated behaviors among drug addicts in Urumqi

Objective To investigate the awareness rate of AIDS knowledge,risky behavior and HIV, HCV,syphilis infection status among drug addicts of Urumqi and provide the scientific basis for making preventive strategy.Methods The 360 drug addicts′data of HIV sentinel surveillance in 2012 of a district CDC were analyzed by using SPSS17.0 statistical software.Results The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was 97.9%,higher education level increase the awareness rate （χlinear^2=4.794,P =0.029）. 76.9% （277/360）had injection drug use history and 40.8% （113/277）of them shared drug needle.13.1%（47/358）of respondents had been sex trading and 57.4% of them used condom for every sex trade.The prevalence of HIV,HCV and syphilis were 16.1%,67.5% and 2.2% respectively.The risk of HIV and HCV infection for injecting drug users （IDUs）were 5.5 （1.8,17.1）and 2.3 （1.7,3.1）times than non-IDUs （P 〈0.005）;The risk of HIV infection who sharing injection needles were 2.2（1.3,3.5）times than oth-ers （P〈0.005）.Conclusion Drug addicts had high awareness of AIDS knowledge,but the incidence of risky be-havior was also frequent,“KAP disj ointed”leading to high prevalence of HIV,HCV and syphilis among them.