微创跟腱延长术联合系统康复治疗跟腱挛缩畸形

目的:分析微创跟腱延长术联合系统康复治疗跟腱挛缩患者的疗效和可行性。方法:2002年1月至2010年12月选择性地采用微创跟腱延长术联合系统康复治疗跟腱挛缩27例(31足),男11例,女16例;年龄3～65岁,平均35.5岁;右足13例,左足10例,双足4例;病程1～5年,平均2.3年。挛缩原因:胫骨骨折髓内钉治疗术后7足,小腿骨筋膜室综合征后遗症11足,先天性马蹄内翻足13足(双足4例)。手术前患者行走跛行,足跟落地困难,跖屈畸形成15°～50°,平均35.5°。术前股四头肌肌力Ⅴ级27足,Ⅳ级4足;小腿三头肌肌力Ⅴ级24足,Ⅳ级7足。结果:27例全部随访,时间6～24个月,平均11.3个月。按照Arner-Lindholm疗效标准进行踝关节功能评定:优29足,良2足。随访期间未发现跟腱挛缩复发,断裂,感染等并发症。结论:微创跟腱延长术联合系统康复治疗跟腱挛缩操作简单、并发症少、复发率低,有利于患者彻底康复。股四头肌肌力或者小腿三头肌肌力经过术前康复治疗仍然低于Ⅲ级的患者不选择该手术。

Treatment of contracture of achilles tendon with minimally invasive achilles tendon lengthening and system rehabilitation

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of minimally invasive achilles tendon lengthening and system rehabilitation for the treatment of contracture of achilles tendon. Methods:From January 2002 to December 2010,27 patients (31 feet) with contracture of achilles tendon were treated with minimally invasive achilles tendon lengthening and system rehabilitation. There were 11 males and 16 females with an average age of 35.5 years(ranged 3 to 65 years). Right foot was in 13 cases,left foot was in 10 cases,both feet were in 4 cases. Course of disease was from 1 to 5 years with an average of 2.3 years. The cause of contracture included postoperative complication of tibia fractures treated with intramedullary nailing in 7 feet,sequelae of lower leg compartment syndrome in 11 feet,congenital talipes equinovarus in 13 feet (both feet in 4). Before operation,all the patients walked with limping,plantar flexion anomaly was from 15° to 50°with an average of 35.5°. The strength of quadriceps muscle of thigh was gradeⅤin 27 feet,grade Ⅳin 4 feet,the strength of musculus triceps surae was gradeⅤin 24 feet,grade Ⅳin 7 feet. Results:All the patients were followed-up for 6-24 months with an average of 11.3 months. According to standard of Arner-Lindholm to evaluate function of ankle joint,29 feet obtained excellent results and 2 feet good. No infection,re-rupture or re-contracture was found. Conclusion:Minimally invasive achilles tendon lengthening and system rehabilitation in treating contracture of achilles tendon has advantage such as simple operation,less complication,lower recurrence rate,which is favourable for thoroughly rehabilitation of patients. But,the case in which the strength of quadriceps muscle of thigh or musculus triceps surae still less than gradeⅢafter preoperative rehabilitation care should not choose the method.