应对策略在心理干预对支气管哮喘患者情绪改善中的作用

目的探讨应对策略在心理干预对支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）患者情绪改善中的作用。方法采用随机对照的方法，将374例哮喘患者分为实验组（228例）及对照组（146例），实验组除进行常规的药物治疗外，配合以系统的心理干预方法。选用简式简明心境问卷（POMS-SF）、医用应对问卷（MCMQ）对干预前后的情绪状况、应对策略进行测量。结果干预后，在POMS-SF总分和各负性情绪维度上，实验组和对照组的得分都有所下降，但实验组的下降程度要显著大于对照组，在正性情绪精力维度上，实验组和对照组的得分都有所提高，但实验组的提高程度要显著大于对照组；应对策略方面，在回避应对上，实验组和对照组都有所降低，但实验组的降低程度要显著小于对照组，在屈服应对上，实验组和对照组也都有所降低，但实验组的降低程度要显著大于对照组。多元逐步回归分析的结果显示，屈服的降低能够显著预测“第二次测查-第一次测查”POMS-SF总分、紧张-焦虑、抑郁-沮丧以及迷惑-混乱的降低；面对的差值是紧张-焦虑以及精力差值的重要预测变量；而回避的差值则可显著地预测紧张-焦虑以及疲乏的差值。结论心理干预对哮喘患者的情绪改善及有效应对方式的建立有着积极的作用，应对策略是影响哮喘心理干预效果的重要中介变量。

Role of coping styles in change of mood status through psychological intervention in patients with bronchial asthma

Objective To explore the role of coping styles in the change of mood status through psychological intervention in patients with bronchial asthma（asthma）. Methods 374 asthma patients were randomly assigned to study group（n= 228） and control group（n= 146）. Two groups were all treated with chemotherapy and study group was carried on systematic psychological intervention, else. Profile of Mood States-Short Form （POMS-SF） and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire （MCMQ） were measured two times before and after the chemotherapy. Results After psychological intervention, the sum of POMS-SF and the scores of every aspect of negative emotion in two groups were all lower and the scores of positive emotion were higher than before,but the change in study group was more significant. For coping styles, though the scores of avoidance coping style were lower after psychological intervention, the change in control group was more significant. But for resignation coping style, the change in study group was even greater. Regression analysis revealed that, differences of coping styles were effective predictors of the change of mood. Conclusions Psychological intervention has a positive effect on the change of mood and coping styles, furthermore, coping styles are important mediating factors during psychological intervention in asthma patients.