某铜业公司职业病危害因素识别及其控制效果评价

目的通过识别、分析某铜业公司可能产生的职业危害因素及其程度，进行控制效果评价，从而找出控制关键。方法采用类比法、定量分级法等相结合的方法，依据相关规范、标准进行评价。结果一期建设项目的反射炉、生产车间、鼓风炉等工作场所空气中可能存在的职业病危害因素有矽尘、石灰石粉尘、炭黑粉尘、砷及其无机化合物、二氧化硫、氧化锌、铜尘、铜烟、铅尘、铅烟等。二期建设项目的电解车间、净液车间、二段电极脱铜槽等工作场所空气中可能存在的职业病危害因素有硫酸及三氧化硫、锑及其化合物、可溶性镍化合物、氯化氢及盐酸、砷化氢等。检测结果表明，除砷化氢、砷及其无机化合物浓度超标外，其余职业病危害因素的浓度尚低于职业接触限值。结论该铜业公司职业病危害因素比较复杂，其中主要危害因素为砷化氢、砷及无机化合物。由于得到有效控制，其他职业病危害因素已降低了发生职业病的风险。

Occupational Hazards Identification and Its Control Effect Evaluation in A Copper Enterprise

[ Objective] Through identifying and analyzing the potential occupational hazards and their levels in a copper company, to perform control effect evaluation so as to identify the key of control points. [ Methods ] The combination of analogy method, quantitative gradation method, etc was adopted to evaluate the occupational hazards according to the relevant norms and standards of occupational health. [ Results] The potential occupational hazards were silica dust, limestone dust, carbon black dust, arsenic and inorganic compounds, sulfur dioxide, zinc oxide, copper dust, copper fume, lead dust, lead fume in the air of the first project work- place. There were sulfuric acid and sulfuric trioxide, antimony and compounds, nickel and soluble compounds, hydrogen chloride and hydrochloric acid, arsine in the air of electrolytic plant, purification plant, the second segment decopperization slot, etc of the second project workplace. The test results indicated that except for the arsine, arsenic and inorganic compounds, the rest occupational hazards were all below the occupational exposure limits. [ Conclusion] The occupational hazards were complex in this copper enterprise, the major are arsine, arsenic and inorganic compounds. Due to the effective control, the other occupational risks have been reduced.