强直性脊柱炎的影像学诊断及护理

目的：探讨强直性脊柱炎的影像学表现，提高影像学对强直性脊柱炎的诊断价值及强直性脊柱炎患者的护理质量。方法：回顾性分析临床确诊的90例强直性脊柱炎的影像学资料，总结其影像学表现及护理。结果：强直性脊柱炎X线影像学表现为骶髂关节间隙正常、关节变毛糙、模糊、硬化、关节融合，病情进一步发展，关节软骨和关节面破坏，关节间隙不规则，晚期出现关节间隙完全消失；CT征象为骶髂关节毛糙、模糊、受侵蚀出现率最高，其他如关节硬化、关节间隙变窄、关节融合，髋关节受损等；MRI显示骨突关节滑膜炎，关节间隙模糊，骨突骨髓水肿，增强后可见强化表现，棘突韧带水肿，棘突骨髓亦可见水肿表现。通过对强直性脊柱炎早期护理，延缓或减少了畸形的发生。结论：强直性脊柱炎x线早期主要表现骶髂关节骨质侵蚀、破坏、囊变、骨质硬化是强直性脊柱炎的早期征象；CT检查对病变细节显示更清楚，对早期病变更具敏感性，CT对早期骶髂关节病变显示明显优于X线摄影，对疗效观察更为有利；MRI能显示强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节早期病理改变。CT和MRI为强直性脊柱炎早期诊断及护理提供重要帮助。

Imaging characteristics and nursing care of patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Objective： To investigate the characteristics on X-ray, cr, and Mill of patients with ankylosing spondylitis （AS）, so as to improve the diagnostic value of imaging and the nursing care quality of AS patients.Methods：The imaging data of ninety patients with AS were retrospectively analyzed, with special attention given to the imaging manifestations as well as the nursing care of these patients. Resuits： In early stage, the characteristic of AS on X-ray plain film presented with normal sacroiliac jiont space, but fhe erosion, cystic lesion of bone or sclerosis around the joint; in later stage, the jiont space might entirely disappear. The feature of AS on CT was basical similar to that on X-ray as to the images,but, the latter was more imperceptible. With respect to Mill, much more valuable traits could be displayed for tile diagnosis of AS. Importaatly, the nursing care played roles in del4aying the progression and reducing disfigures of disease. Conclusion： AS tins its own characteristics on the three imaging medalities. The employment of the approaches alone or combination may offer great benefit to the precise diagnosis, treatment and, particularly the guidance for nursing care practice.