失语患者听理解中的特殊范畴语义障碍

目的：探讨失语患者听理解中特殊范畴语义障碍的特点。方法：（1）用汉语失语检查法（ABC）检查42例卒中后失语患者，其中，Broca失语（BA）8例，Wernicke失语9WA）5例，传导性失语（CA）11例，经皮质运动性失语（TCM）8例，经皮质感觉性失语（TCS）7例，命名性失语（AA）3例；（2）分别统计各型失语患者ABC中听辨认9项的得分，并用SPSS软件处理数据。结果：（1）BA、TCM和AA患者听辨认9项间差异无显著性意义（P＞0．05）。（2）WA、CA、TCS患者对9个项目的听辨认存在不同程度困难；物品和动作听理解障碍的程度较轻，而颜色和（或）身体部位的听理解障碍较重。差异有显著意义的（P＜0．05）是：WA患者在物品（M＝4分）、物品图（M＝6分）、动作图（M＝4分）与颜色（M＝0）分、家具（M＝0分）及身体部位（高、低频和左／右）（M＝2，0，0分）间，几何图（M＝2分）与物品图及身体部位（低频）间；CA患者在物品（M＝10分）、物品图（M＝10分）、动作图（M＝10分）与身体部位（高、低频和左／右）（M＝9，8，4分）间，几何图（M＝9分）与物品图间，颜色（M＝10分）、家具（M＝10分）与身体部位（低频）间；TCS患者在物品（M＝10分）与家具（M＝5分）和身体部位（低频）（M＝6分）间，动作图（M＝10分）、家具和身体部位（低频）间。结论：（1）失语患者听理解中特殊范畴语义障碍主要见于有明显听理解障碍者，（2）不同型失语患者的听辨认中有相似的特殊范畴语义障碍。

The special-category semantic disturbance of auditory comprehension of aphasics

Objective To investigate the special category semantic disturbance of auditory comprehension of aphasics Methods (1) Forty two patients suffering from stroke were examined by Aphasia Battery of Chinese (ABC), and 8 patients were diagnosed as having Broca's aphasia (BA), 5 Wernicke's aphasia (WA), 11conduction aphasia (CA), 8 transcortical motor aphasia (TCM), 7 transcortical sensory aphasia (TCS), 3 anomic aphasia (AA) (2) Scores of 9 items of auditory discrimination of each type aphasics were counted separately All data were treated with the SPSS software Results (1) There was no significant difference between the scores of 9 items of auditory discrimination of BA, TCM and AA( P >0 05) (2) There appeared difficulty in different degrees in the 9 items of auditory discrimination of the patients with WA, CA and TCS The auditory comprehension disturbance of object and action was less, and to comprehend color and body part was in most difficulty Those having significant difference( P <0 05)were: between the scores of object (M=4) ,of object pictures (M=4), action pictures (M=4) and color (M=0), furniture (M=0) or body parts (high, low frequency and left/right) (M=2,0,0), geometric pictures (M=4) and object pictures or body parts (low frequency) in the patients with WA;and between the scores of objects (M=10) , object pictures (M=10), action pictures (M=10) and of body parts (high, low frequency and left/right) (M=9,8,4), geometric pictures (M=9) and object pictures, color (M=10) , furniture (M=10) and body parts ( low frequency) in the patients with CA; between the scores of object (M=10) and furniture (M=5) or body part (low frequency) (M=6), action pictures (M=10) and furniture (M=5) or body parts (low frequency) (M=6) in the patients with TCS Conclusion Special category semantic disturbance of auditory comprehension was mostly discovered in patients who had the significant disturbance of auditory comprehension, and there exists similar special category semantic disturbance in various type aphasics