广东省1991年～2000年麻风病例发现情况分析

目的:了解广东省近10年麻风病例发现情况,评价目前防治策略,并为今后制订防治策略提供参考。方法:利用全省的麻风疫情报表,进行回顾性分析,部分数据进行统计学处理。结果:1991年～2000年广东省麻风病年发现率及患病率均呈下降趋势,而发现率的年平均下降幅度明显小于患病率的下降;1991年～1995年麻风病年发病率与发现率比较无显著性差异(t=2.775,P>0.05),但后5年(1996年～2000年)两者比较则有显著性差异(t=6.668,P<0.01);病例的早期发现平均为74.02％,各年变化不大;在病例的发现途径方面,被动发现(门诊,线索)占94.17％,各年比例变化不大。结论:在麻风疫苗实际应用之前,病例发现仍然是控制麻风病的主要手段,今后病例发现仍然是以皮肤专科门诊为主。1991年～2000年的发现率年下降幅度小于患病率,说明要彻底消除麻风病,仍要一定的时间。必须通过加强皮肤专科及相关科医生对麻风病的诊断水平,大众的健康教育宣传等措施,提高麻风的早发现、早治疗来进一步控制及消除麻风。

Analysis of Leprosy Detection Situation in Guangdong Province ( 1991 ～ 2000)

Objective: To investigate on the leprosy deteetron situation during recent ten years, to eralvate strategy on control and prevention of leprosy at present time. Methods: Leprosy incidence in whole privimce was used for respective analysis. Results: The case - finding and incidence decreased during 1991 ~ 2000. During 1991 ~ 1995, the incidence was similar to that of case - finding rate. The average case - finding rate in early stage was 74.02% . In the way of case - finding, passive case -finding was 94.17% . Conclusion: Before leprosy vaccine was used, case - finging way still a major way for leprosy control. It is still a long time to make the leprosy elimination. Medical education in public society can help for leprosy under being controled.