Factors associated with anxiety among the Lebanese population: the role of alexithymia,self-esteem,alcohol use disorders,emotional intelligence and stress and burnout |
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Authors: | Sahar Obeid Nathalie Lahoud Chadia Haddad Hala Sacre Kassandra Fares Marwan Akel |
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Affiliation: | 1. Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon;2. Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon;3. INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Epidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie – Liban, Beirut, Lebanon;4. saharobeid23@hotmail.com;6. INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Epidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie – Liban, Beirut, Lebanon;7. Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon;8. Faculty of Public Health, CERIPH, Center for Research in Public Health, Pharmacoepidemiology Surveillance Unit, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon;9. School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon;10. INSERM, U1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Limoges, France;11. Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, GEIST, University Limoges, Limoges, France;12. Department of psychiatry, CH Esquirol, Limoges, France;13. Drug Information Center, Order of Pharmacists of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon;14. Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon |
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Abstract: | AbstractObjective: To assess factors associated with anxiety among a sample of the Lebanese population.Methods: A cross-sectional, conducted between November 2017 and March 2018, enrolled 789 participants. Anxiety was measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale. A cluster analysis was then performed with the identified factor scores to identify the different profiles of the participants.Results: A cluster analysis based on the three factors derived three mutually exclusive clusters, which form 29.62%, 34.54%, and 35.84% of all participants, respectively. The first cluster represented people in distress (low emotional intelligence, high depersonalisation, alcohol use disorder, burnout, stress, alexithymia and low self-esteem); the second one represented people with wellbeing (High emotional intelligence, low depersonalisation, low alcohol use disorder, low burnout, low stress, low alexithymia and high self-esteem), whereas cluster 3 represented people in between. Higher age (Beta = 0.065) was significantly associated with higher anxiety, whereas being in cluster 2 (people with wellbeing) (Beta?=??12.37) and cluster 3 (people in between) (Beta?=??5.426) were significantly associated with lower anxiety compared to being in cluster 1 (people in distress).Conclusions: The findings of this study are overall consistent with those of epidemiologic community-based surveys and may help inform structural models of classification and prediction of anxiety disorders (ADs). |
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Keywords: | Alexithymia anxiety burnout stress self-esteem emotional intelligence |
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