大鼠急性心肌梗死模型的建立

目的建立大鼠急性心肌梗死实验模型。方法采用戊巴比妥钠腹腔注射麻醉、直视下经口腔气管插管、开胸行冠脉左前降支结扎法,术后给予呼吸道管理;并进行心电图、心肌酶谱、病理组织学和坏死心肌组织学定量检查来证实。结果 40只模型组大鼠中,死亡6只,模型制备成功率85%。大鼠术后30 min,心电图肢体导联ST段弓背向上抬高,出现病理性Q波;结扎前降支血管后24 h和40 h时间点,模型组肌酸激酶同工酶、血清乳酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶同工酶较假手术组明显高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),在60 h时间点血清乳酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶同工酶亦升高(P0.05);组织切片镜下观察病变区心肌细胞排列紊乱、疏松,细胞核固缩、碎裂;模型组心肌梗死与左心室湿重比值较假手术组明显高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论该心肌梗死动物模型构建方法简单,创伤轻,成功率高,结果可靠。

Establishment of Rats Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Aim To make animal model of acute myocardial infarction in rats. Methods Rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium solution,oral tracheal intubation under direct vision,the operating rats'' ribcage,the left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) was ligated.After the surgery,rat''s respiratory tract was cleared.ECG,cardiac enzyme levels,pathological organization and measuring the infarct size were applied. Results 6 of 40 rats died during the surgery,the success rate was 85%.Thirty minutes after operation,Wistar rates''ECG showed the ST segment elevated and the pathological Q wave appeared;MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase(CK-MB),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),LDH1 was compared in myocardial infarction group and sham-operation group before ligation of LAD.CK-MB,LDH,LDH1 in myocardial infarction group increased significantly than those in sham-operation group 24 h,40 h after occlusion(P><0.05).LDH and LDH1 also increased significantly at 60 h(P><0.05);Observing the histological section under the light microscope,it was found that pathological cardiac muscle cells were arranged in disorder,and cell uncleus pyknosis and chip occurred;ischemic myocardium weight / left ventricle wet weight was also significantly greater in myocardial infarction group than sham-operation group 40 h,60 h and 21 days after occlusion(P><0.01). Conclusion This showed that the technique was easy to operate with small wound high success rate and credibility.