彩色多普勒超声对2型糖尿病伴高血压患者下肢动脉病变的诊断

目的 通过对2型糖尿病伴高血压患者下肢血管的彩色多普勒超声检查,认识2型糖尿病伴高血压下肢动脉病变情况,为临床诊断和治疗提供依据.方法 将2型糖尿病病人共70例,分成单纯糖尿病组(35例)和2型糖尿病伴高血压组(35例);另选取35例健康者作为对照.对受试者行双下肢动脉血管超声多普勒检查,观察双下肢股动脉、腘动脉、胫后动脉、足背动脉,记录每个受试者双下肢股动脉和腘动脉内膜中膜厚度及斑块大小、回声、分布情况,以及血流动力学指标.结果 单纯糖尿病组及2型糖尿病伴高血压组下肢动脉斑块发生率均明显高于对照组(P<0.05),单纯糖尿病组斑块发生率明显低于2型糖尿病伴高血压组(P<0.05);与对照组比较,单纯糖尿病组及2型糖尿病伴高血压组的股动脉、腘动脉、足背动脉血流峰值流速降低,搏动指数增加(P<0.05).结论 应用彩色多普勒能探测到糖尿病伴高血压病人下肢动脉粥样硬化,二维图象主要表现为双下肢动脉内膜中膜厚度不规则增厚、斑块形成,尤以远端小动脉为主;彩色多普勒显示股动脉、腘动脉、足背动脉血流峰值流速降低,搏动指数增加.

Diagnosis of Color Doppler Ultrasound on the Lower Extremities Artery of Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM) and Hypertension

Aim We examined patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and hypertension using color Doppler ultrasound to observe the characteristics of atherosclerosis in lower artery.It would provide a theory for lower vascular disease prevention in patients with T2DM and hypertension. Methods 70 T2DM patients were divided into two groups: 35 type 2 diabetes without hypertension and 35 type 2 diabetes with hypertension,35 people in the control group received lower extremities vascular Doppler ultrasonography test.It included both lower extremities femoral artery,popliteal artery,posterior tibial artery and dorsalis pedis artery.The intimal-media thickness(IMT) value,plaque size,resonance,distribution and haemodynamics index of every subjects were recorded. Results Plaque of lower extremities in type 2 diabetes without hypertension and type 2 diabetes with hypertension were higher than the controls(P><0.05).The plaque incidence rate and IMT in group type 2 diabetes without hypertension were much lower than group type 2 diabetes with hypertension(P><0.05).Compared with the controls,the femoral artery,popliteal artery,arteria dorsalis pedis peak value flow rate cut down in the type 2 diabetes without hypertension and type 2 diabetes with hypertension group(P><0.05). Conclusion It can detect the characteristics of atherosclerosis in lower artery in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and hypertension by color Doppler ultrasound.In the two-dimensional images of the performance of the lower extremities artery IMT-irregular thickening,plaque formation,particularly the main artery distal small;Color Doppler showed femoral artery,popliteal artery,dorsalis pedis artery peak velocity slowed down,pulsatility index(PI)raised.