光皮木瓜的化学成分及药理活性研究进展

光皮木瓜在我国广泛种植,具有广泛的药用价值,国内外学者对光皮木瓜的研究做了大量的工作,发现光皮木瓜含有机酸类、黄酮类、三萜类、甾体类、木脂素类等化合物,具有抗肿瘤、保肝、免疫调节、抗菌等多种生物活性,临床上常与其他中药配伍用于治疗风湿性关节痛、腰腿疼痛、四肢麻木等。近年来对光皮木瓜的化学成分和药理活性研究越来越深入,发现光皮木瓜还含有多糖类、木脂素苷类、氧化脂类和联苯类等新的化学成分,具有抗氧化、抗炎抑菌、降血糖、抗癌、抗老年痴呆、抗流感病毒、抗过敏反应和胆碱乙酰基转移酶激活剂等新的活性,并对具有的物质基础与其药理活性的发挥存在的联系有了进一步的研究,但是还不全面,需要进一步的研究发掘。本文通过查阅近几年来国内外文献,对近年来有关光皮木瓜的化学成分和药理活性研究进行总结,以期为光皮木瓜的进一步深入研究和开发利用提供一定的科学依据。

Research Progress on Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Chaenomeles sinensis

Chaenomeles sinensis with a wide range of medical values was widely planted in our country, and a series of studies were carried out by domestic and foreign scholars. Studies showed that C. sinensis had organic acids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, lignans and other compounds, and exhibited antitumor, hepatoprotective, immunosuppressive and antibacterial activities. It was commonly used in combination with other Chinese herbal medicines to treat rheumatoid joint pain, lumbocrural pain and limbs anesthesia in clinic application. The studies on the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of C. sinensis were more and more deep recently, and the results showed that C. sinensis also had polysaccharides, lignin glycosides, oxylipins, biphenyls and some other new compounds, and exhibited the effects of antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hpyerglycemic, anti-cancer, antidementia, anti-influenza virus, antianaphylaxis and choline acetyl transferase activator. Although the correlations between its material basis and pharmacological activity were further studied, the studies were not comprehensive, and still needed further research and exploration. By reviewing the domestic and abroad literature in recent years, the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of C. sinensis were summarized in order to provide certain scientific basis for further research and development on C. sinensis.