海阳市农村留守儿童心理健康状况调查

目的系统评价农村留守儿童的心理健康状况,为提高留守儿童心理健康水平提供科学依据。方法采用分层抽样法,抽取海阳市农村地区3所小学及3所初级中学7~17岁学生共1416名,其中留守儿童649名,非留守儿童767名。采用儿童青少年心理健康量表(MHS-C)和Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(PHCSS)对649名留守儿童和767名非留守儿童的心理健康状况进行调查。结果留守儿童的MHS-C总分、情绪、意志行为、个性特征、PHCSS总分、焦虑和合群的得分均低于非留守儿童(t=-17.900~-2.954,P0.05)。留守儿童在认知、思维与语言、情绪、行为、合群、智力与学校情况、焦虑因子的得分存在性别和年级差异(t=-5.877~4.667,P0.05)。留守儿童的情绪和焦虑呈正相关(r=0.289,P0.05);意志行为和行为呈正相关(r=0.296,P0.05);个性特征和合群呈正相关(r=0.215,P0.05)。结论留守儿童更容易存在情绪和行为问题,"留守"对男童较为不利,应采取针对性措施,展开对农村留守儿童的心理健康教育工作。

Investigation on the mental health of left-behind children in rural areas of Haiyang city

Objective To systematically evaluate the mental health status of left-behind children in countryside and to provide scientific basis for the improvement of the left-behind childrenˊs mental health level. Methods 1416 students,between7 and 17 years old,of which 649 were left-behind children and 767 were non-left-behind children,were selected from three primary schools and three junior middle schools in Haiyang city rural areas using stratified random sampling method. All of them were investigated with Mental Health Scale for Child and Adolescent（ MHS-C）and Piers-Harris Childrenˊs Self-Concept Scale（ PHCSS）. Results For left-behind children,the scores of total MHS-C,emotion,will/behavior,personality trait,total of self-consciousness,anxiety, gregariousness were lower than non-left-behind children（t= -17. 900～ -2. 954,P﹤0. 05）. Moreover,variances among gender and grade were observed in cognition,thinking/language,emotion,behavior pattern,gregariousness,intelligence education and anxie-ty factors for left-behind children（t= -5. 877～4. 667,P﹤0. 05）. Strong correlations between those factors were identified. Emo-tion of left-behind children was positively correlated with anxiety（r=0. 289,P﹤0. 05）. Will/behavior was positively correlated with behavior pattern（r=0. 296,P﹤0. 05）. Personality trait was positively correlated with gregariousness（r=0. 215,P﹤0. 05）. Conclu-sion Left-behind children are prone to suffer from emotional and behavior problems and the left-behind experience has more ad-verseness to boys. Targeted measures should be taken to improve the mental health of the left-behind children in rural areas.